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In the latest of many cases over the years, the Supreme Court told a Milford, New York, school district that if it opened its doors to some civil and social organizations, it had to open its doors to the Good News Club, a chapter of Child Evangelism Fellowship.

"When Milford denied the Good News Club access to the school's limited public forum on the ground that the club was religious in nature," Justice Clarence Thomas wrote for the 6-3 majority, "it discriminated against the club because of its religious viewpoint in violation of the free-speech clause of the First Amendment."

The principle was the same as that in 1981, when the Supreme Court told the University of Missouri at Kansas City to open its doors to religious organizations. And again in 1993, when a Center Moriches, New York, school district was also told not to exclude religious organizations. And in 1995, when the court told the University of Virginia that if it paid for the printing costs of student publications, it also had to pay for a student-run religious publication. The State may limit speech—it doesn't have to open the door to everyone—but it cannot exclude groups on the basis of their viewpoint, including their religion.

What's especially important in the Good News Club decision is that the Supreme Court lifted this principle so high. It does not matter if the group evangelizes. It doesn't matter if it worships. It doesn't matter if it discusses religious topics rather than secular topics from a religious perspective. It doesn't matter if it teaches from exclusively Christian, Muslim, or Buddhist beliefs. It doesn't matter how young the attending students are. It can't be excluded simply for being religious.

In fact, said Thomas, the real danger here is from excluding such religious groups: "Any bystander could conceivably be aware of the school's use policy and its exclusion of the Good News Club, and could suffer as much from viewpoint discrimination as elementary school children could suffer from perceived endorsement."

The Good News Club decision will likely have implications on a wide range of church-state issues, from charitable-choice legislation to school vouchers, but its most widespread influence will be in the 91,062 public schools around the country. Teachers and administrators have been repeatedly informed—by all three branches of the federal government, as well as many state and local governments—of the constitutional requirements regarding religion in schools. Countless memos, pamphlets, handbooks, and other communications have noted that the only way to shut religion out is to shut everybody out.

But some schools have continued to bar religious clubs from meeting, perhaps out of fear that the ACLU or someone else would file a lawsuit anyway. Fortunately, the legal issue has been settled. At this juncture, school officials who worry about litigation should be more concerned about First Amendment suits from religious activists than from the ACLU and Americans United for Separation of Church and State. Still more important, they should focus their concern on students' free exercise of their religion.

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August 6 2001, Vol. 45, No. 10