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Escalating violence has canceled longstanding short-term mission trips to cities along the U.S.-Mexican border.

Juarez, two miles south of El Paso, Texas, is a highly popular missions destination for American churches, but a violent drug-cartel war has changed the city of 1.6 million. According to the U.S. State Department, more than 1,800 people have been killed in Juarez since January 2008.

Juarez, Tijuana, and Nogales have had public shootouts.

YouthWorks, a nationwide missions organization, announced that it won't offer summer trips to Mexico in 2009. In a memo, regional director Jason Atkinson said the decision came after discussion with local residents of the "general sense of lawlessness" in the Mexican communities the organization serves.

"Ministry partners have experienced threats of extortion," he said in a memo. "Our own staff were victims of armed robbery and carjacking."

First Baptist Church of Arlington, Texas, canceled its Mission Juarez and Acuna Medical Mission trips. This is the first time in 30 years it will not send teams to Juarez, said team leader Peggy Kulesz.

"We have made strong bonds in Juarez," she said. "We see them year after year and have watched the children grow. We know these families."

The situation in Mexico has left missionaries seeking answers.

"When you feel a real sense of calling and then the door is shut," Kulesz said, "you wonder what you are supposed to do, and wonder what God has in store and how he is going to work in this time of crisis with Christians in the area."

Not all trips have been canceled. LifeLight, a nondenominational evangelistic organization, did not allow anyone younger than 21 on its March trip to Juarez, but still went in order to encourage Mexico's Christians. The ministry found a different Juarez from previous years, said Josh Brewer, missions and outreach director, with Mexican federal police and soldiers present and a constant fear among citizens.

"It's a very dangerous spot, but we were under the Lord's protection," said Brewer, "and I wanted to make sure [Juarez Christians] knew they were not abandoned by God or his missionaries."

In previous years, LifeLight regularly encountered other missions' teams. They saw only one other team during this year's weeklong March trip, he said.

That team was from Casas por Cristo, a nondenominational ministry that builds houses in Mexico. Team coordinator Brittany Girle said the organization builds houses weekly. Teams avoid the dangerous areas of Juarez and don't go out after dark, but Girle says the Juarez she knows is different from the one shown in news reports.

"Despite the violence, Juarez is still a huge city with families living their daily lives," she said.

Fewer mission teams in 2009 may not have a lasting negative effect on Juarez churches.

Howard Culbertson, professor of missions and world evangelism at Southwestern Nazarene University, said that sometimes the "extreme overabundance of short-term workers … has created a dependence upon them and their funds.

"I've even heard of a few cases where churches in Juarez weren't quite sure what to do with all the teams coming their way, and so they've had them repaint the same walls which were painted not many weeks before by other short-term workers, and by other short-term workers not many months before that," Culbertson said.

Robert Priest, director of the intercultural studies doctoral program at Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, said that while short-term missions "tend to be risk averse," more sustaining missions can thrive in high-risk places like Juarez. Under the right circumstances, those groups can bring help, said Priest, as the Presbyterian Church (USA) did for Christians in Colombia, a country that has experienced violence involving drug cartels.

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May 2009, Vol. 53, No. 5