The release of Breaking Dawn Part 2, the final movie in the Twilight series, has brought with it what I suspect is the last flurry of Christian reaction to the popularity of the books and films. Mars Hill pastor Mark Driscoll, in a recent blog post titled "A Father's Fright of Twilight," describes the series as "for teenage girls what porn is to teenage boys: sick, twisted, evil, dangerous, deceptive, and popular." Driscoll goes on to highlight news stories about Twilight-crazed teenagers participating in real-life vampirism. He calls for discernment and regrets that Christian parents "naively" allow "this filth" into their children's lives.
I share Driscoll's concern about Twilight. But I diagnose the problem with the series very differently. The differences in our diagnoses are intertwined with the very different ways that Driscoll and I think about gender. Twilight is aimed at girls, and because it appeals so deeply to so many girls and women, the problem with Twilight is a problem about gender. My deeply felt worry is that the ideas about gender that Driscoll advocates publicly are actually the same ideas that fuel the Twilight phenomenon.
Let me explain what I mean. My biggest worry about Twilight is that Bella, the main character, lives a life completely centered on the guy she loves. The love she has for Edward is all-consuming. Absorbing. Total. Her mother worries that Bella orbits around Edward. The girl-in-love is a satellite, circling round the boy, and she wants to give up everything—family, friends, education, the possibility of motherhood, her humanity, even her soul—for his sake. The supernatural aspects of the story feed the passion of course, for Bella and for Twilight fans, but it is this mundane fantasy—girl-who-finds-a-boy-to-be-her-everything—that is the heartbeat of Twilight. What is most terrifying here is not the supernatural but the stuff of fallen nature, the story in which women are made not for God but for men.
I believe that Driscoll's teachings about gender—teachings that take cultural stereotypes about femininity and masculinity and call them "God's will"—feed the same beast that allows Twilight to flourish. To focus critique of Twilight on the fact that it is a vampire story gives a free pass to the mistake at the heart of the story, that in which a boyfriend or husband is confused with a savior.
I fear that equating Twilight with pornography also hides some real problems. I don't doubt that fan mania over Twilight bears some resemblances to porn addiction. Like pornography, Twilight offers a false version of love, sex, and romance that can pull us away from God's good intentions for us in these areas of life. But to call Twilight porn for teenage girls is shaming and masks the problems of real pornography. Twilight isn't porn. Porn is porn. More than one young woman has told me about the moment when she first ran across porn on the internet, the way that image was branded indelibly on her mind's eye. They tell me about how porn has hampered their ability to think about sexuality as a good gift from God. How images of male domination and of women's bodies made of plastic haunt them. If we call Twilight "porn," do we participate in the Christian fiction that porn is only a problem for men?
If anything, Twilight is more idolatry than pornography. It feeds the colossal, fallen fantasy that a girl can find a savior in a boy—if only she gives up everything. The boy will only have to be a culturally prescribed masculine fantasy—strong, jealous, with iron self-control. This idolatry is built on the same platform that Driscoll stands on when he mocks "soft, tender, chick-i-fied church boys" or when he says that good married Christian women will bring the artifacts of porn—real porn, mind you—into their bedrooms to please their husbands (see Denny Burk's review of Driscoll's Real Marriage, critiquing Driscoll's recommendation of sodomy and sex toys in the marriage bed). Driscoll's platform does not distinguish between cultural norms—norms that are broken and sinful—and God's good creative will for us as creatures created, male and female, in his image.
I have written about Twilight—for teenagers, youth leaders, and parents—in my book Touched by a Vampire (a leader's guide is available for download here), and I wrote with the hope of helping the church to think biblically and faithfully about the themes in the story. My advice, for Christians thinking about this vampire romance, is modest but also hopeful. We should try to feed the godly dreams of our daughters—and our sons—not dreams about finding fulfillment in the "the one," but dreams about serving Christ as Lord and using all the talents we are given in love and witness for the kingdom. Rather than encouraging our daughters to wait for their Edward, we should encourage them to find satisfaction in their Savior.
Beth Felker Jones, author of Touched by a Vampire, is associate professor of theology at Wheaton College in Wheaton, Illinois.

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Eric naykalyk
My only suggestion for this author is that she check the facts herself before she begins maligning those who are doing a lot of good work for the Kingdom. First, Driscoll does not advocate women "worship" their husbands, but honour them as leaders in their home. Women who enable their husbands are strongly discouraged, as are men who lord themselves over their wives as little "gods". "Men and Marriage", a sermon from his 1/2 Peter series, is a good place to see this. Second, I actually own and have read Real Marriage, and it amazes me how people bypass nearly the entire book full of solid counsel that has helped both my wife and I, as well as numerous other couples, greatly, and focus solely on the "Can We..." section. All Driscoll says is that AS LONG AS BOTH (heterosexual) PARTNERS WILLINGLY CONSENT AND NEITHER FEEL LIKE IT VIOLATES THEIR CONSCIENCE such things as sodomy and sex toys are not a sin! This is poor journalism and a sad example of over-hype with a current fad.
Anne
Jeff Pittman said: "Many of you posting here refer to the value of girls developing into strong, independent women. Where exactly did you get this perspective? Not from the Bible but from your surrounding post modern culture which has fed the reversal of gender roles and the overall weakening of our society." (Hello, Slippery Slope!) My response: Proverbs 31 - "She dresses herself with strength and makes her arms strong (17) . . . Strength and dignity are her clothing, and she laughs at the time to come (25) . . . Give her of the fruit of her hands, and let her works praise her in the gates (31)." Has anyone else noticed in this passage that the husband's place of influence (the city gates) appears to be derived from the prosperity of his family, which is partly due to his wife's business dealings, and that her firm management of the family and family business frees him up to exercise leadership elsewhere? As for independent, I believe it is the clear teaching of Scripture in many places. that we are to be dependent on God, not on man.
E. G. E.
I'll preface this by confessing I have never read anything by Driscoll. So I don't have any personal reason to enter that part of the fray, which this comments section has become, much like any other comments section on the Internet. There are some excellently written responses here: logical, candid, and compelling examples of well-formulated opinions. (Eric, Amanda, Terry, Kim are a few of the names I remember after reading the comments above me, but they are not the only ones.) It is disheartening, however, to see the same combative communication on a Christian site, though it is unsurprising. Culturally, we view Internet forums not as places of discussion, but as gladiatorial arenas. Here we have the same hasty generalizations of others into teams (feminism v. fundamentalism, neither of which ought to be four-letter words), ad hominem name-calling (feminazi? Seriously? If you used that portmanteau in a secular forum, you would reap all kinds of anger from people of both genders who take issue with the comparison of Susan B. Anthony and Beth Felker Jones, and Hitler and Goebbels...), and red herrings (this article has nothing to do with gay marriage yet someone threw that into an anti-feminist remark) that mark the atrophy of common courtesy and critical thinking in our society. Twilight is abominably written. Many of its problems stem from Meyer's astounding inability to create realistic, compelling characters with the flaws, struggles, and strengths that make storytelling exciting. It's schlock, but it sells, and sells big. Plenty of girls have adopted bizarre and damaging standards for future mates because of Edward, who is abusive, possessive, obsessive, and whiny, but also spectacularly out of their leagues: hot, rich, handsome, immortal, gorgeous, chaste, glacially beautiful, strong, fast, telepathic, and oh, did I mention that every woman around him finds him irresistibly sexy? (There's a taste of the first book for you, if you've never read it.) I was a teen when these books came out and I made Twilight my pet comedy bit. Bashing it was my thing for a long time, and I became pretty tiresome. To this day, I feel a wannabe standup routine surge in me when Twilight comes up in conversation (it doesn't much among my friends anymore, for which I may be partially responsible). I growl and grump at Barnes and Noble, as I watch the Teen Paranormal Romance section expand from one shelf to two. "This? This is what people want?" I sneer, looking ever so slightly Grinch-y. But isn't that what "people"--what we--have always wanted, to some extent? Fantasy? Something other than this reality? Our longings for another world--or at least, for things that this world cannot offer--are indicative of the desire for heaven, as C. S. Lewis asserts in his argument for the existence of God and heaven. The issue with Twilight (and any other type of fantasy), then, is whether or not it encourages us to long for heaven, or to expect heaven to appear here on Earth. I feel Twilight does the former, and yet I have a wonderful, devout Christian friend who sees an allegory for good and pure love in Twilight. She is certainly not an idiot. She is probably not a heretic. We disagree. I've been kind of a snot about my opinion on Twilight, and she has been kind enough not to punch me when I've been pedantic. My friendship with her has not altered my opinion, which is for the most part aligned with that of Beth Felker Jones. My opinion (thankfully) has not altered our friendship of nearly 12 years. This is because we respect each other more than she loves and I hate Twilight. Should I ever reproduce, my children will probably not want to read Twilight, if only to avoid sending me into annoying-parent-who-thinks-they're-hilarious mode. If they do, I don't know what I'll do about it. Not yet. I hope I'll want to discuss it with my spouse. I hope I'll want to ask trusted fellow Christian parents about it. I imagine I'll stick to my guns and ...
Kathi Vande Guchte
Mr. Driscoll has not gotten everything right in his interpretation of scripture and and preaching, so as with every person who is in the position of teaching and preaching, we should verify that what they are saying (writing) is Biblical. So many people take the words of whatever preacher/teacher they like, and they do not know the Bible well enough to determine whether what they're hearing is true and Biblical. The Bereans in the Bible went and looked up what was being taught to them to verify that it was in line with the scripture. This should be done in regards to every teacher, including Driscoll. Also, the devision in the Body due to denominations and how they emphasize certain parts of scripture is not good. The Bible is the Bible - that should be our guide, not the doctrine of a denomination or church. Teach the young people today to go to the Bible first and along with Mark Driscoll or anyone else who preaches/teaches. How else will they know how to determine if someone is a false teacher unless they compare with the Bible? Also, not just a person's written or verbal words, but also their life.
Anonymous
Amen! Great word Professor Jones.
Meg Ishikawa
The evangelical church of the past 30 years has so blurred the lines between genders that when someone speaks Biblical truth like Driscoll, younger Christians think, "Where is this guy getting this stuff from?" Sorry, but if the Bible is our basis for right living in all areas, once again, Driscoll has defied culture (even modern Christian culture) and spoken truth.
Doreen Ashley
Thank you, Kim (December 5, 2012 1:41 PM) and Karen (December 5, 2012 3:21 PM). It is possible to read the Twilight series with a view to exploring what is good about a story of feminine desire. Yes, Bella's obsession is troubling -- that's part of the point of the story. But it seems to me that the remedy is not to to villify/stifle/micromanage feminine desire, but rather to integrate desire into whole personhood, for women and men. We could discuss the extent to which Stephenie Meyer succeeds in doing this for her characters (the films should be treated separately). But to have such a conversation would require an openness to the story, letting it speak for itself. I do not see the books as glorifying female dependence on a male, at all. The fascination/consumption of prey for/by predator is presented as something *dangerous* to be *transcended* by Bella and Edward as they *grow* toward something more healthy. I find that far more interesting than madonna/whore dichotomies or tales of power feminists who already have it all together.
Kathi Vande Guchte
Terry: You write above that it is Bella submitting to a male and leadership and feminism Jones has an issue with, which you do not. I disagree with you. For one, Bella and Edward are not married, so she does not have to submit to him as a wife to her husband. Second, Bella isn't just interested in submitting, but willing to give up her very soul for Edward. She/he discuss what will come one day for those who are undead, like Edward, and later Bella. My understanding of this dialogue is they are discussing hell and God's wrath. Third, God does not call women to submit to sin or to put any man before Him, which is what the character of Bella is doing. I also would like to ask you where you believe the feminist movement began, and what is feminism exactly. Feminism began within the church - god-fearing women who rallied so wives/mothers whose husbands drank away their pay and left them hungry and abused had a way. Check into our history and you will find that feminism has been a response to the abusive/thoughtless/cruel/bullying behavior of men who are charged with loving their wives and caring/providing for their families. You may have a wonderful father and now husband, but not all women have or do, and they have had to fight to live (in some cases). Just because a woman works and considers herself equal to a man (which she is), does not make her a feminazi. We are not cut-out dolls who must live the same life as every other woman - God has plans for each one of us and our lives are different.
Terry L. Brown
Jones makes clear her concern about the Twilight stories is the way Bella is willing to give up everything for Edwards sake, her willingness to submit to a male. Her concern is at the heart of the feminist movement which believes men in general and patriarchy in particular are evil. I dont share that belief, but I do believe the Twilight series is insidious and should be read/viewed with caution if at all. Something has changed recently in our society. Bram Stokers Dracula was evil, and he was portrayed that way. Vampires now are portrayed as virtuous and good thanks in large part to the Twilight series. And thats dangerous. When Bella wants to have sex with Edward its he who refuses saying they should wait until theyre married. Under normal circumstances Edwards commitment to maintaining a pure relationship with Bella would be admirable. It would be applauded. But Edward and Bellas relationship is far from normal given Edward is a vampire. Do you see whats happening here? That which is evil vampires is being portrayed as good and that which is good humans is being portrayed as evil. I find it interesting that the name Isabella means: Devoted to God, Consecrated to God, Pledged to God, and the name Bella means Beautiful. She clearly represents Christians. Yet, its the vampire in this story that appears to be good and virtuous while the Christian appears to be sinful and immoral. Its not hard to see the connection between vampires and Satan. Vampires live in darkness, avoiding the sunlight. Satan lives in the darkness, avoiding the Sonlight. Vampires drink the blood of their victims not only to satisfy their hunger, but to give birth to more vampires. Satan drinks the blood of his victims in the sense that its mans soul he craves. Think about this. When Adam and Eve sank their teeth into the Forbidden Fruit, Satan, in a very real sense, sank his teeth into their souls. He drank deeply of their blood and in the process infected them with his diabolical nature, just like a vampire. Satan had given birth after his kind and with contaminated blood now flowing through the souls of Adam and Eve they too would give birth after Satans kind. Man now found himself living in darkness and shunning the Light. It was upon the Cross that Jesus poured out His untainted, sinless blood, thus providing for the redemption of mankind. Mankind, by receiving Jesus blood (notice Jesus gives blood i.e. life and vampires take blood i.e. life) and applying it to his heart experiences a spiritual blood transfusion. The sin tainted blood that courses through mans soul at conception because of Satans bite in the Garden of Eden is replaced with the holy blood of Jesus, freeing him from the domain of darkness to live in the Light. Thus, the Cross was the means of execution the Father used to bring death to Satans reign with in the heart of man. No wonder vampires turn from it in horror. I find it very revealing that Meyer, when questioned about the cover on her first book in the Twilight series which pictures a pair of female hands holding out an apple, said, The apple on the cover of Twilight represents forbidden fruit. I used the scripture from Genesis (located just after the table of contents) because I loved the phrase the fruit of the knowledge of good and evil. Satan loves it, too. So, is it a sin to read and/or watch these stories that feature virtuous vampires? Is it porn? Perhaps not directly, but it leads to it just as surely as marijuana leads to more toxic drug use. A Breakpoint blog by Kim Moreland spoke about not being surprised by the popularity of the Fifty Shades books/movies which are absolutely pornographic among Christian women. But she then made the observation that according to forums she had read Christian women were looking forward to seeing the pornographic, male-stripper movie Magic Mike. Surprised? Im not. The feminist movement has ...
Doreen Ashley
Ladies, if your husband suggests porn, sex toys, or sodomy as a way to "spice up" your sex life, run the other way! Reminds me of something I saw on Doctor Phil when I was waiting in the doctor's office a few years ago - a woman called the show and said her husband was pressuring her to do weird stuff in the bedroom because he was "bored" with their sex life, and his latest thing was he wanted her to have sex with him and another man at the same time! She didn't want to (she didn't want to do any of the other weird stuff either) but she didn't want her husband to leave her... I never forgot his response - "You could NOT be any dumber if you cut your head off! You need to kick that man to the curb, because that is where TRASH belongs! He does NOT love you, he does NOT respect you, and you cannot respect yourself if you remain in this relationship." Perhaps a little rude but STILL BETTER ADVICE THAN GIVEN IN THIS BOOK!
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