WORLD NEWS
Christianity in the World Today
(Dr. Clarence Edward Macartney died February 20 at the age of 77 after many years of effective service. His influence reached far beyond the bounds of a church or city through his inspired writings, thought-provoking addresses and the well-trained assistants who spread out across America. The following article about Dr. Macartney was written forCHRISTIANITY TODAYby Dr. C. Ralston Smith, pastor of First Presbyterian Church, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma since 1948. After completion of his studies at Princeton, he served as Dr. Macartney’s assistant at First Presbyterian in Pittsburgh from 1937 to 1940—ED.)
For 40 years he had proclaimed the “glorious gospel of the blessed God” from two of the most historic of Presbyterianism’s pulpits—Arch Street of Philadelphia and First of Pittsburgh. Now, in death’s cold silence, his body lay in state upon the marble dais in the latter sanctuary.
Appropriately, Clarence E. Macartney was clothed in his pulpit gown, for he was primarily a preacher. The somber black was softened by the beautiful garnet velvet coverlet lying in soft folds across his knees, a little beyond the touch of those reaching hands.
The church was filled with a cross-section of the steel-city society. Government officials and business magnates rearranged tight schedules to attend the funeral. School children gave up lesser things on the Washington’s Birthday holiday to be present. Preachers and laymen from out-of-town made the early morning trip to be there. Poor families, whose tenement-house halls had known his footfalls, and tycoons, in whose salons he had discussed his worldwide travels, mingled before the bier. The group of church officers who sat together included those who had welcomed him as their new pastor in 1927 and many who were in that chosen company because of his ministry.
It was fitting that participating in the public services should be Dr. Macartney’s successor, Dr. Robert J. Lamont, and eight former assistants who came from New Jersey, California and intermediate points to honor their chief. Prepared by Dr. Macartney in great detail, the procedure was characteristically simple and strong in its dignity. The subjective song, “Amazing Grace,” and the beautiful tune, “Duke Street,” were used—the former as a reading and the latter as the medium of one of the congregational hymns.
The more intimate family services followed in the boyhood home, “Ferncliffe,” on the campus of Geneva College at Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania. John Robertson and Albert Joseph, surviving members of the quartet of preacher brothers, joined a longtime friend and the minister of a local Presbyterian Church in the brief service of reminiscence and hope. Significantly, two Psalms were sung in metric version by a mixed octet of students from the covenantor college. At last the body was interred in the family plot, high above the Beaver River and in plain view of the eternal hills. Graven on one side of the granite marker are the names of the parents and hard-by nestled the bodies of an older brother, Ernest, and his wife. On the back of the stone seat, facing across the valley, are the words which epitomize the strong convictions of the whole family, “who shall separate us from the love of Christ?”
When, in the middle twenties, Clarence E. Macartney was elected moderator of the Presbyterian Church, U. S. A., he was one of the youngest men ever to occupy that high office. His methodical mind gave ready response to any issue before the church and his courageous spirit marked him early for great leadership. With forceful, deliberate speech, his simple, clear language proved ample conveyance for the dogmatic positions to which he gave quick allegiance. His conservative theological position was a source of encouragement and hope to many and a nettlesome bother to a few. He had the great advantage of finding strong allies for his opinions in both the Bible and the Constitution of the church within which he had taken his ordination vows.
A review of the life and work of this stalwart prophet ought to be of some ongoing benefit to the church in our time. Dr. Macartney would be quick to admit his own limitations and failures, but beyond these he made a contribution of lasting value. To three groups within the church he would, by example and precept, have something worthwhile to say.
To preachers he would speak concerning industry. He was a prodigious worker. His celibate life made more practical his intense study schedule. The time of day was of little significance when he was laboring on an important theme. Those who heard him as often as four times a week, year after year, testify that never once was there an iota of lack of preparation or shoddiness about his public utterances. Everything in life was grist for his sermonic mill, but it was finely ground and well beaten and baked before being sliced for public consumption. Second only to faithful adherence to the clear teachings of Scripture, I think he would advocate hard work in the study as a requisite for a beneficial ministry. The variety of his interests, even in his favorite field of history, witnesses to the scope of his knowledge. His illustrations were chiefly historic or literary and were always “meaty,” in contrast to those gaunt anecdotes and quips with which too many of us are satisfied. To a success-conscious group who people our pulpits he would say, “Many want to be known as great preachers. It is better to be a preacher who does some good.”
To leaders in the church generally the word this administrator would speak would be—“choose wisely.” It must be admitted that as presbyter our friend left something to be desired. In a day when the mesh of churchmanship was not nearly so entangling as now, he appeared on the floor only as “something important” was being discussed. To even close friends and devotees, this was a source of despair. However, his loyalty and untiring zeal were always available to causes of lasting value to the family of God anywhere in the world. One can recall the pertinent remarks which he made along this line in the recital of the story of that pathetic parabolic figure in the Old Testament who, concerning the great prisoner delivered into his hand, had only to report: “While I was busy here and there, lo, he was gone!” It is the “here and there” of lesser things that dissipates our limited strength and usurps the precious hours which might be spent on more important matters. The jingle,
If you can walk with crowds and keep your virtues
Or talk with kings nor lose the common touch
If neither foe nor loving friend can hurt you
If all men count with you but none too much
bespeaks the aloofness which was repulsive to the casual acquaintance of Dr. Macartney and frustrating even to his closest friends. Yet, the aloofness was the product of this very singleness of purpose which made him abhor the trivial and adhere to the timeless. The resultant life was one invested in great enterprises and its dividends were high and constant.
For the great body of evangelical Christians who make up the life of the church, there is a message, too. These uncommon folk represent the strong center of the army as contrasted to the wide flanks in either direction. Among them Dr. Macartney was a staunch fellow-soldier of Jesus Christ. This pivotal position is difficult to maintain when popular trends are disposed to tip the level. To both liberal modernists and rabid fundamentalists this man was disconcerting.
Asked to contribute an article along with other eminent clergymen in a magazine series emphasizing the change of view over a decade, he reversed the prevailing tide by underscoring the continuance of his confidence in the faith once delivered to the saints. Yet, at one time the church of which he was minister was picketed by a group in whose pulp paper much type was wasted trying to fabricate a case for his “compromise” because he would not join their walkout.
Thus he stood, not with mere stubbornness, but with intrinsic steadfastness. As has been said of another, “He was not intolerant, he was intransigent.” He had a firm hold on the root of the matter. Neither the blasting winds of frigid liberalism nor the siren songs of popular acclaim could move him from a sane, thoughtful acceptance of the glory and grace of the miracle-working triumphant Christ whom the Scriptures portray.
This attitude of avoiding the extreme while maintaining the strong mean is worthy of the imitation of all evangelicals in our time.
He was on many occasions the humble worshipper in other congregations. Whether in a cathedral of some metropolis or the clapboard chapel of a country village, he was at home upon hearing the eternal message of “Jesus and the Resurrection.” Conversely, the eminence of the pulpiteer or the ordinariness of the preacher failed to impress him in the absence of the great tones of the transforming truth.
A ministry world-wide through air wave and printed page he has now relinquished into the care of One who is answering an ancient, fervent prayer—“The work of our hands, establish thou it.”
To Dr. Macartney oneness with Christ was most important of all. That he attained to this enviable union might best be attested by his last words to a fellow-minister of the Gospel, “Tell the brethren that the anchor still holds.”
Bus Service Protested
Protests have been flying in all directions at Augusta, Maine, in a controversy regarding city school bus service for Roman Catholic students.
The Board of Education adopted a “hands off” policy and said, “It’s up to the city government to decide the issue.”
More than 600 parents threatened to transfer their children to public schools unless the city provided transportation.
Public bus service for parochial schools was approved in an advisory referendum at the city’s election last December, but the city council refused to provide the service.
The Rev. Shirley B. Goodwin, president of the Maine Council of Churches, supported the city’s position. He said the dispute involves the “old question of Church and State.” If parents want children to have a “special private education,” he said, “they should fulfill all the obligations.”
Public School Superintendent Perry F. Shibles declared that the city’s schools were overcrowded, but said that Roman Catholic students would be “welcomed.”
Supreme Court Rulings
The U. S. Supreme Court in recent weeks delivered two significant rulings.
In one the Court found that involuntary blood tests taken from unconscious suspects in drunken driving cases do not deprive liberty without due process of law.
By a 6–3 decision (Justices Warren, Black and Douglas dissenting), the Court upheld the legality of the decision of a New Mexico physician in extracting a blood sample from an unconscious man after an accident involving his truck and a car. Three occupants of the car were killed. Justice Clark delivered the opinion.
The Court pointed out that 47 states use chemical tests, including blood tests, to aid in cases involving driving under the influence of alcohol.
In the other case, the Court unanimously ruled unconstitutional a Michigan law banning the sale of any book deemed to contain “obscene” material tending to endanger the morals of youth.
Justice Frankfurter, who wrote the decision, declared that the legislation was “not reasonably restricted to the evil with which it is said to deal. The incidence of this enactment is to reduce the adult population of Michigan to reading only what is fit for children. It therefore arbitrarily curtails one of those liberties of the individual now enshrined in the due process class of the 14th Amendment.”
Eleven other states reportedly have laws similar to the Michigan statute. They are Colorado, Florida, Iowa, Maine, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia and West Virginia.
WCC Membership
The Evangelical Lutheran Church has formally applied for membership in the World Council of Churches.
At its annual meeting in Minneapolis, the ELC’s Church Council, acting on a directive from the million-member church body’s biennial convention last June, authorized the president of the church, Dr. Fredrik A. Schietz “to take the necessary steps” to seek World Council membership “on a confessional basis.”
In a complete reversal of the position adopted by its 1948 general convention, which voted against WCC membership by 872 to 546, the ELC last June voted by 1,434 to 685 to seek “immediate” membership.
This action removed a major obstacle to the planned 1960 merger of the ELC with the American Lutheran Church-899,078 baptized members—and the United Evangelical Lutheran Church-59,832 members, both of whom are members of the World Council.
‘Sign Of The Times’
The major report, two years in the making, called attention to the “spiritual hunger” and “mass movement” of Americans to church as a “sign of the times” and then had this to say:
“Evangelism in our time must speak to the deep needs of men for radical healing—deeper than any conscious desire for comfort and success.”
The report was the work of a group of Protestant leaders and theologians for the National Council of Churches’ General Board.
“Like other mass movements,” the report said, “this one moves on many levels, from superficial quest of new emotional satisfactions or ways of escape from hard reality to the profound discontents of honest, vigorous, penitent men and women in revolt against shams and half-realities, truly crying out for the living God.
“All alike need to find themselves face to face with the God and Father of Jesus Christ in his unyielding judgment and infinite mercy—both those who already know the depth of their need for healing, and those who are trying to settle for something less than the radical surgery of redemption.”
Asserting that the nation’s spiritual hunger exists against a backdrop of a “world in turmoil,” the commission warned that “the driving forces of history … are now racing at top speed … long-repressed emotions and explosive desires—for freedom, prestige, power, vengeance.”
Modern technology, it added, is suddenly supplying “in dizzy profusion” for both good and ill tools “that make men giants in speed and strength” without making them gentle and wise.
Tight Money
Short, short story:
Sidney Frank, president of Schenley Distillers, told a recent New Orleans distributors’ meeting that tight money is helping “soft goods and hard liquor sales.” According to press reports, he said:
“The money market is getting tighter and people can’t get enough credit for homes and hard goods, so they’re using a lot of their money for soft goods and whisky.”
As a result, the report said, individuals, interest groups, whole peoples are haunted by loneliness, “corroding” anxieties, bewilderment and mistrust.
The cure for the sickness of such a time, according to the commission, is not to be found in more technical prowess, factual knowledge, economic or political realignments, but in effective proclamation of the Gospel.”
The document, presented to the General Board by Dr. F. Eppling Reinartz of New York, secretary of the United Lutheran Church in America, is expected to have a major influence on many of the activities of the National Council of Churches.
A Doctor Speaks
The distinction between abstinence and spiritual conversion has been underscored by a New York physician’s contention that many “cured” alcoholics become mental cases because they can’t adjust themselves to reality.
In other words, a man may lick the temptation to drink, but still lead an empty life, devoid of basic spiritual needs.
Dr. Curtis T. Prout, assistant director of the New York Hospital, Westchester Branch, in an address to the American Psychopathological Association, described numerous cases of alcoholics who stopped drinking and turned to such alternatives as overeating, gambling and narcotics.
Challenge On Tv
The right of Jesuit institutions to own and operate television stations has been challenged in an open letter to members of the Federal Communications Commission by Protestant and Other Americans United for Separation of Church and State.
Dr. Glenn Archer, executive director, said in the letter that the Jesuit order is “alien” in control and therefore ineligible to operate a TV channel.
The move was directed chiefly against Loyola University at New Orleans and St. Louis (Mo.) University, Jesuit institutions with applications for television channels pending before the FCC.
He said testimony of the presidents of these schools shows that their supervising boards are composed entirely of Jesuit priests who are subject to removal by a superior general who is not an American citizen and that ultimate control is lodged outside of the United States.
In a separate statement, Dr. Archer said his organization’s action “is a part of a counterattack against the sectarian pressure which caused the banning of the film ‘Martin Luther’ by a Chicago station.
“We are opposed to an increase of Catholic power over the air waves, because it now seems self-evident that Catholic policy is opposed to freedom of the air. One way we can curtail sectarian control of this important medium of information is to fight against alien sectarian ownership as a direct violation of the law.”
Hall Of Fame
Five Methodists were named to the denomination’s Hall of Fame in Philanthrophy at the annual convention of the Nation Association of Methodist Hospitals and Homes.
The awards, presented by Bishop William T. Watkins of Louisville, Ky. were received by the following for outstanding contributions of time, services and money to Methodist philanthropic institutions:
Dr. Karl P. Meister, Elyria, Ohio; Edwin O. Anderson, Jersey City, N. J.; Otto C. Pfaff, Fort Dodge, Iowa; James F. Stiles Jr., Lake Bluff, Ill. and Miss Dora E. Young, Sweetwater, Tenn.
