Criminal Faith

“Going nuclear, North Korea allows worship only of its dictator”

A former North Korean prison guard tells Human Rights Watch how religious practice worsens punishment for those caught trying to flee the country. If refugees met with reporters, "or wrote articles, or attended church," the former guard says, they "would be secretly killed."

In communist North Korea, only one religion is permitted: the worship of the late dictator Kim Il Sung and his son and successor, Kim Jong Il, before whose statues Koreans are coerced to bow. But other religious practice is severely punished. Hence an estimated 100,000 "political prisoners" in various camps and prisons are suffering starvation, torture, or execution for their belief in Christ. In one prison, according to the HRW report, authorities hang the returned refugees from the walls by their hands, tied behind their backs, for one to seven days.

Often the extended families of these prisoners go with them into the inhumane conditions. "When our family moved there [prison]," one former inmate told HRW, "we were surrounded by 100 people and beaten. The police led people to beat us—newcomers must be broken in spirit this way."

Authorities also employed "professional beaters," he said. "Officials beat so harshly that many of those people became disabled, or their legs were paralyzed, or they died."

Former inmate Soon Ok Lee testified before the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom in January 2002. Confirming that North Korean authorities treat believers as political criminals, she said Christians are regularly singled out for the most extreme punishment, such as solitary confinement in small cells that prevent prisoners from standing.

Some activists fear that North Korea's nuclear program has pushed human rights off the agenda for U.S. talks. Last October North Korea admitted to covertly producing weapons-grade enriched uranium, a violation of a 1994 pact with the United States. The Bush administration has demanded that North Korea dismantle its nuclear weapons program before negotiations for food and fuel resume.

Robert A. Seiple, founder of the Institute for Global Engagement, says the nuclear standoff should not silence pleas for U.S. officials to include human rights in talks. Nor should Pyongyang policies, he adds, keep Christians from feeding starving North Koreans when possible.

"In the hierarchy of values these days, security comes first, and the individual Christians in North Korea may get left out," Seiple told CT. "Here is where the church can launch a preemptive strike and demonstrate relevance through the application of a whole gospel."

A group of 17 political and human-rights leaders, including Christians, has issued a statement urging the Bush administration to include human rights in negotiations in spite of the nuclear threat.

One of the signers, Nina Shea of Freedom House's Center for Religious Freedom, says North Korea revealed its nuclear program to force the U.S. to negotiate on security and economic assistance.

"We should negotiate with Pyongyang, but on our terms," Shea told CT. "That is, model the talks on the three baskets of the Helsinki Final Act [with the former Soviet Union]—security, economics, and human rights."

The statement of principles, "From Helsinki to Pyongyang," provides a model for writing to your congressional representatives or to U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell (2201 C Street, N.W., Suite 7276, Washington, DC 20520). In any U.S. negotiations with North Korea, the document suggests:

• The United States must not allow Pyongyang to commit atrocities against its own people in exchange for promises not to make nuclear threats.

• The United States should grant North Korea's request for a nonaggression pact, but only if North Korea welcomes institutions that promote human rights.

The statement also says the administration should investigate human-rights abuses; press China to process refugee claims rather than summarily return escapees to certain death in North Korea; and call on China to allow the U.N. High Commission for Refugees access to refugees.

For information on how to aid refugees, contact Douglas Shin of the human-rights organization Exodus 21, at dougeshin@yahoo.com. See www.chosunjournal.com for more information.

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