History

Rightly Dividing the Hell Debate

Key advocates and writings.

Annihilationism

John Stott and David L. Edwards, Evangelical Essentials: A Liberal-Evangelical Dialogue (InterVarsity, 1988)

Philip E. Hughes, The True Image: The Origin and Destiny of Man in Christ (Eerdmans, 1989)

John W. Wenham, “The Case for Conditional Immortality” in Universalism and the Doctrine of Hell (Baker 1992)

Edward Fudge, The Fire That Consumes: The Biblical Case for Conditional Immortality (Paternoster, 1994)

Advocates from church history: Justin Martyr and Theophilus of Antioch (proto-conditionalists), Arnobius, John Biddle, William Whiston, Henry Constable, and Edward White.

Traditionalism

J. I. Packer in Evangelical Affirmations (Academie, 1990)

John H. Gerstner, Repent or Perish (Soli Deo Gloria, 1990)

Larry Dixon, The Other Side of the Good News: Confronting the Contemporary Challenges to Jesus’ Teaching on Hell (Victor, 1992)

Kendall Harmon, “The Case against Conditionalism: A Response to Edward William Fudge” in Universalism and the Doctrine of Hell (Baker, 1992)

Robert A. Peterson, Hell on Trial: the Case for Eternal Punishment (Presbyterian & Reformed, 1995)

D. A. Carson, The Gagging of God: Christianity Confronts Pluralism (Zondervan, 1996)

Advocates from church history: Tertullian, Lactantius, Basil of Caesarea, Jerome, Cyril of Jerusalem, Chrysostom, Augustine, Aquinas, Luther, Calvin, Edwards, Whitefield and Wesley.

Related Elsewhere

Be sure to read the related stories to this sidebar, “Undying Worm, Unquenchable Fire | Will unbelievers endure eternal torment or will they be annihilated? An assessment of the Evangelical Alliance’s The Nature of Hell” and “Coming to Terms | Key Phrases in the Hell Debate.”

To read up on classic opinions of hell, access your favorite theologians’ writings at Christian Classics Ethereal Library.

Books still in print can be purchased at the ChristianityToday.com Store, Amazon.com, or other book retailers. They include:

The Nature of Hell: A Report by the Evangelical Alliance Commission on Unity and Truth Among Evangelicals

Evangelical Essentials: A Liberal Evangelical Dialogue By John Stott and David L. Edwards

The Fire That Consumes: Biblical Case for Conditional Immortality by Edward William Fudge

Repent or Perish: With a Special Reference to the Conservative Attack on Hell by John H. Gerstner

Hell on Trial: The Case for Eternal Punishment by Robert A. Peterson

The Gagging of God: Christianity Confronts Pluralism by D. A. Carson

Two Views of Hell: A Biblical & Theological Debateby Edward William Fudge and Robert A. Peterson.

Books mentioned that are out of print include:

Evangelical Affirmations

The True Image: The Origin and Destiny of Man in Christ

Universalism and the Doctrine of Hell

The Other Side of the Good News

Copyright © 2000 Christianity Today. Click for reprint information.

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Undying Worm, Unquenchable Fire: What is hell—eternal torment or annihilation? A look at the Evangelical Alliance's The Nature of Hell.

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