Review: The Chosen Season 5

Kate Lucky

Vivid, artful, imperfect but faithful: Even if you know every beat of the Holy Week narrative by heart, the hit show’s latest season is worth watching.

The Last Supper from Season 5 of The Chosen.

Courtesy of The Chosen

Season 5 of The Chosen is vivid: bright fabrics and flowers, fountains and palms, glugs of olive oil and wine, the gleam and clatter of silver pieces, and the blood of butchered animals pooling in straw. The snap of unleavened bread. The flicker of candlelight. The scent of perfume, bought at great price and poured with abandon over Jesus’ feet. Some of the Roman costumes look chintzy. There’s a fog machine in the Garden of Gethsemane. But these misses are the exception, not the rule. It’s a very pretty show. It looks nice on the big screen, where it’s playing through Easter Sunday, April 20, before coming to Amazon Prime in June.

Season 5 of The Chosen is also artful. It’s historically sensitive and structurally inventive; each episode begins with out-of-sequence scenes from the Last Supper, then returns to chronological storytelling from Palm Sunday through Gethsemane. Flashbacks detail the disciples’ backstories: James the cantor and Nathaniel the architect and Simon the Zealot. Old Testament references abound. We see the clattering dry bones of Ezekiel, Abraham leading his son to slaughter, and David singing a psalm. The women in Jesus’ life honor him with a Dayenu, a song traditionally sung during a Passover seder. No Marcionism here.

Admittedly, The Chosen is sometimes a little on the nose. This season of the enormously popular dramatization of the Gospels—crowdfunded by adoring fans, set for two more seasons of prestige television after this one—is no exception, though it’s hard to give the writers too much grief for that. When dialogue has to explain Messianic prophecy and Passover rituals and the triangulated authority of Pilate, Herod, and Caiphas and preach the gospel in modern-day parlance, it’s no wonder it’s at times a bit artificial.

See Philip, exegeting Jesus’ table-flipping and whipping at the temple: “It was an assault on the wrong version of our system of worship and sacrifice.” See Herod, parsing the power structure: “I’m the one saddled with the onerous task of mediating the balance of power between the temple and Rome.” See Jesus, convincing Thaddeus to follow him: “You will have said yes to the world’s no.”

The show is thick with Scripture, including the lengthy Farewell Discourses from Jesus in the Gospel of John. But there’s also humor (“I’ll hold for the joke,” Jesus quips after revealing his Nazarene origins) and modern-day colloquialisms (“People have been eating it up,” Peter boasts of his own preaching) and poetic little phrases. The case against Jesus is “thinner than a silk strand.” The city has a “messianic fever” that needs to cool. A “small militia of malcontents” is stirring up the crowds. Jesus, insists Pilate, is “singular.”

This mishmash is a creative choice. It mostly works (but not always), as does the acting, which is mostly great (wide-eyed John and wry Herod, nervous Matthew and heroic Mary Magdalene, Nicodemus with his scrolls and, above all, Jesus) yet sometimes falls flat. Pilate’s flair is fun, though often feels more suited for the stage; Gaius is earnest but somehow unbelievable.

Sets, costumes, scripts, structure: All matter. But mostly, season 5 of The Chosen succeeds because it’s telling a really good story.

Well, of course.

Of course! The story at the heart of our faith is good, and not just in the sense of entertaining, though it’s certainly that. Season 5 is where we approach the crux (pun intended) of the action. A king enters a city on a donkey, palms aflutter. By the end of the season, he’s betrayed with a kiss, sold out for coins—“the price of a slave,” as Judas puts it. There are the machinations of high political drama, the breast beating of classical tragedy, and again and again, stunning irony: the Messiah himself washing feet as his disciples protest, tears gleaming in their eyes. Those disciples swearing loyalty and yet dozing off to sleep.

It’s a good story because it’s got momentum and intrigue and complex characters but, most of all, because it’s good. It’s good news for us that Jesus is washing feet and doing the Father’s will, even as he digs his fingernails into rocks and doubles over in sorrow, sweat beading his brow.

You simply must give The Chosen team credit for how clearly this goodness comes through— Jesus’ humility, Jesus’ devotion to the Father, Jesus’ ringing pronouncements in the temple square. Both anecdotally and as measured by the show’s sheer success, audiences can’t help but feel it. A colleague told me that in her local movie theater, when Jesus chastises the disciples—“Will you just please do as I say and not object, for once?”—women in the audience shouted, “Amen!”

As annoying as I found the pitch for branded hoodies and mugs that opened the theatrical screening and as skeptical as I am about some of the franchise’s upcoming spinoffs—Bear Grylls!—and, yes, amid all those debates about Latter-day Saints influence and a pride flag on set and Scriptural embellishment, I’m convinced this is an earnest show, created out of love for the gospel and a desire to share it with others. I walked out of that theater more a believer in Jesus, and (for now) a believer in this show, a conversion experience I share with other critics.

It’s such a good story. But it’s not an easy one.

And to The Chosen’s credit, it doesn’t pretend otherwise. By season 5, the miraculous healings are mostly done; this is a time for hard teachings. Why these particular people, eating pomegranates and saying prayers, in this time and this place? What about the families of the moneychangers in the temple? Didn’t they need to eat? Why the almost nonsensical randomness that leads to Jesus’ arrest and crucifixion? So many reluctant men, passing the buck to each other.

Then there are the big questions: Why does God alleviate suffering for some and not others? It’s a question the show makes explicit in the character of Little James, and in a miscarriage, and in an invented plot line about Thomas’s fiancée, whom Jesus refuses to raise from the dead. That plot line gives me pause, as it gave others too.

The other big question for season 5: Why does Judas betray Jesus? Producer Dallas Jenkins has already started addressing this season’s treatment of the most mysterious disciple; to my mind, these episodes offer a few different interpretations for his decision. Disillusionment? Greed? Possession? (Pay attention to a roll of his eyes and a clench of his jaw.) “You and I are not the same,” Judas insists to Caiphas as he makes his backroom deal. Judas thinks Jesus is the Messiah, he says. But “I suppose I have not seen enough.”

Why do I find myself feeling sorry for the last of the Iscariots as he plants that kiss?

The Chosen hasn’t suppressed these kinds of complications, and that’s part of its success as an artwork. This show is trying so hard not to be propaganda. That said, it does have a theology to impart, and it’s started to get at some answers through prophecy and snippets of theodicy and assurances of love from Jesus. But it’s too early to pass judgment on how the show will tackle the problems of pain and betrayal, of which so much theology has been written, in the episodes that remain.

“Oh my God,” exclaimed an audience member, shaken by the season’s final scene, in my movie theater as the finale credits rolled. I laughed out loud. More irony.

But I also found her outburst telling. Of course she knew what would happen next, right? The news really is good. Just wait for season 7.

But that’s the thing about a good story. Even when you’ve heard it a thousand times, you’re moved, again and again. You can’t wait to see what happens next.

Kate Lucky is the senior editor of culture and engagement at Christianity Today.

- More from Kate Lucky

News

Died: Kim Shin-jo, North Korean Commando Turned South Korean Pastor

Jennifer Park

“I came to kill the president, but God chose to save me.”

Illustration by Christianity Today / Source Images: AP Images

Kim Shin-jo, a North Korean soldier who tried to assassinate the South Korean president and who later became a pastor, died on April 9 at a nursing hospital in Seoul. He was 82.

Kim was the only member captured in South Korea from a North Korean commando unit that attempted to launch an assault on the Blue House, South Korea’s presidential residence, in 1968. After his capture, he embraced Christianity and served as a pastor in South Korea, where he preached a message of reconciliation and restoration.

Kim was born in 1942 to a poor family in the coastal city of Chongjin. Korea was liberated from Japanese rule in 1945, and USSR troops occupied the north. In 1948, North Korea became its own country. Kim Il-sung, (no relation), who became chair of the Communist party that same year, spread his cult of personality through the country’s education system, and Kim attended schools steeped in ideology that venerated the leader.

After graduating from high school, Kim served in the army, and the government later selected him for an elite special forces unit under the direct command of Kim Il-sung’s inner circle. The Kim Il-sung regime, intent on forcibly reunifying the Korean Peninsula under communism, trained such units for covert missions in the South.

On January 19, two days before the planned attack, the commando unit encountered four brothers who were gathering firewood on the South Korean side of the Demilitarized Zone. Military policy required them to kill any civilians they encountered. However, after internal deliberation, the unit chose to spare the Woo brothers. The brothers immediately reported the incident to the local police, prompting authorities to enter high alert. Their warnings ultimately foiled the assassination attempt.

On January 21, Kim and his 30 fellow commandos approached the Blue House, preparing to assassinate President Park Chung Hee, but South Korean forces began shooting at them. By the end of the day, later known as the “January 21 incident,” South Korea had killed 29 commandos and captured Kim alive. One soldier escaped back to North Korea.

During the news conference, Kim shocked the South Korea society by declaring he came to “slit the throat” of Park. But within weeks he began to defend himself. “I didn’t fire a single bullet toward any civilian. I didn’t come to kill the people of South Korea—I was simply carrying out an order to kill the president of South Korea.”

Following his capture, authorities placed Kim under tight surveillance, classifying his situation as a special security case. They eventually released him after determining that he had not harmed any civilians during the Blue House raid and had fully renounced North Korean ideology.

Kim’s defection resulted in the execution of his family in North Korea under the regime’s collective punishment system. He credited his survival to “God’s sovereign grace.”

At a national level, the January 21 incident sparked the government to adopt stronger national security policies against North Korea, bolster security around the Blue House, and establish the Homeland Reserve Forces. Around the country, anti-Communist sentiment grew.

In 1970, Kim became a South Korean citizen. As he began his new life, he asked himself, “Who am I? Why am I here? What am I living for?” As he later recounted in his autobiography I Speak of My Sorrowful History (1994), these existential inquiries marked the beginning of his journey of faith.

The same year, he married Choi Jeong-hwa, who had written him comforting letters after having been moved by his story. Her devotion and faith became the catalyst for his own spiritual transformation. In 1981, he was baptized at Sungrak Church in Seoul where he confessed, “I came to kill the president, but God chose to save me.”

Kim’s conversion was not merely a change of religion. His education in North Korea had been deeply steeped in Communist ideology, and only through faith did he begin to contemplate human dignity and the existence of God. He often said his faith had liberated him from a life of bondage.

In 1989, Kim founded the Christian Fellowship of Defectors for the Gospel. The ministry offered resettlement, spiritual restoration, counseling, and community resources for North Koreans who had crossed the border. He regularly led Bible studies and prayer meetings and mentored North Korean youth.

Kim frequently spoke throughout the country, delivering more than 3,000 talks on national security and Korean reunification. His lectures combined gospel evangelism with anti-Communist education and testimonies about life under the North Korean regime, stories that resonated especially with youth and military personnel.

Kim also emphasized North Korean human rights and the repatriation of abductees. He advised the South Korean National Assembly and a political party on North Korean and human rights and he consistently advocated for dialogue between South and North Korea to be grounded in truth and human rights.

Kim’s life after conversion did not exempt him from hardship. In the 1980s, he began receiving death threats from the North, including threatening letters, either sent anonymously or signed with revolutionary slogans. Some of these accused him of being a “puppet of the South” and warned him that “punishment is coming.”

On January 21, 1997—the 29th anniversary of the Blue House raid—Kim was ordained as a pastor and began serving at Sungnak Sambong Church. He also ministered at Sungrak Church, the church that baptized him.

In his later years, Kim focused on writing and spiritual reflection. In addition to his autobiography, he published a devotional, The Goose That Cannot Fly. In it, he compared himself to a migratory bird who had been stopped “not by failure, but by grace.” “But in being stopped, I was saved,” he wrote.

Kim died of old age after a two-month stay at a nursing home. Among the mourners at his funeral was Woo Seong-je, the youngest of the four Woo brothers who encountered Kim before the assassination attempt in 1968. Woo stated, “Through him, I saw that the life I saved went on to save many more.”

Kim is survived by Choi and his son and daughter.

- More from Jennifer Park

Ideas

MLK’s Famous Letter Changed a DC Church

Caleb Morell

A newly discovered note from CT’s first editor, Carl Henry, shows how King’s Birmingham Jail missive shifted a white pastor’s view on integration.

Illustration by Sparkle Boea / Source Images: Getty

Every April since 1963, thousands recall Martin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from Birmingham Jail and its timeless call to reject complacency in the face of injustice. Aimed not at staunch segregationists but at well-meaning white moderates, King’s letter sent shock waves through the nation and countless churches. His words still challenge us today—but back then, they forced many to reckon with their own passivity in real time.

One of those people was R. B. Culbreth. As pastor of Metropolitan Baptist Church (today Capitol Hill Baptist Church) in Washington, DC, Culbreth pastored a congregation that, like many Southern Baptist churches, had not yet integrated its membership. For years, Metropolitan embodied the kind of moderation King decried: supporting civil rights in theory while hesitating to take a firm stand. But around the time King penned his letter, Culbreth shifted his views, which we know about because of a recently discovered letter written by Carl F. H. Henry, a Metropolitan member who was also the first editor of Christianity Today.

On May 2, 1963, Culbreth would have watched in horror, alongside millions of Americans, as television channels broadcast brutal scenes from civil rights protests against racial segregation in Birmingham, Alabama. Day after day, newspapers printed vivid pictures and television networks aired shocking footage of peaceful demonstrators being knocked off their feet by high-pressure hoses and attacked by police dogs. For Culbreth, the images would have been more than just headlines—Birmingham was his hometown, a city he loved.

Just weeks before those images hit the news, King wrote directly to people like Culbreth. As clergy far and wide were digesting the letter and the violence in Birmingham, something happened that changed Culbreth from a typical white moderate to someone who publicly supported integration.

By 1963, Metropolitan Baptist Church was nearly a decade into grappling with how to navigate the changing racial and political landscape as a downtown church in the nation’s capital. In the early 1950s, Black Washingtonians endured a city nearly as rigidly segregated as any in the Deep South. The only privilege they had over their counterparts in Atlanta or Birmingham was the ability to ride in the front of a bus—until it crossed into Virginia.

Many African Americans lived in Washington’s notorious “alleys”—cramped, squalid areas hidden behind main thoroughfares. These dwellings, originally built as horse stables, lacked plumbing and basic sanitation. Some 15,000 were forced out of their homes during the redevelopment of southwest Washington in the 1950s, relocating to the area of southeast Washington known as Anacostia. To this day, many of the city’s low-income and predominantly Black communities remain concentrated in Anacostia, a lasting legacy of mid-century displacement and segregationist housing policies.

Following the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education in 1954 striking down segregated public schooling, resistance to integration intensified, leading to an explosion of private Christian schools. In 1953, Metropolitan considered starting its own Christian day school modeled after a church school in Charleston, South Carolina, citing concerns about evolution and racial integration. But after heated debate, the board of deacons narrowly voted against it.

By that time, Metropolitan had begun sponsoring a Sunday school and chapel in Anacostia, the fruit of the labors of an elderly widow and longtime white member named Anna Johenning. However, the once-majority-white neighborhood around the chapel, like much of the city, was undergoing demographic changes, and Metropolitan’s leadership, fully aware of the sensitivities of “racially mixed areas,” adhered to the Southern Baptist policy of segregated services. African Americans were welcomed to weekday programs but were encouraged to attend a separate afternoon service on Sundays.

As the conscience of the nation came under growing pressure to desegregate, members began questioning the chapel’s practice of segregated services. In response, Culbreth explained the church’s position in a 1962 letter to Samuel Southard, a professor at Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. He noted that while Metropolitan had no Black members, African Americans who visited Sunday services were seated without discrimination. The Southeast Chapel followed a similar approach in its morning worship service, while Black attendees were encouraged to attend an afternoon service designated for them. Weekday programs for children were fully integrated, with roughly 60 percent white and 40 percent Black participation.

It’s unclear why the chapel’s children’s programs were integrated while Sunday services were kept separate. Culbreth insisted that the church was neither seeking integration nor actively maintaining segregation, and he acknowledged that many members would oppose any formal integration efforts: “We are not seeking to integrate, neither are we making an issue of it to remain a segregated church as such,” he wrote in his letter to Southard. Then came Birmingham.

The brutal images of police dogs and fire hoses turned on peaceful demonstrators shocked the nation. But what I believe moved Culbreth even more was King’s open letter, which was addressed to white pastors and civic leaders sympathetic to the cause of justice yet cautious about its methods.

“I have almost reached the regrettable conclusion that the Negro’s great stumbling block in his stride toward freedom is not the White Citizen’s Counciler or the Ku Klux Klanner, but the white moderate, who is more devoted to ‘order’ than to justice,” King wrote on April 16, 1963. He rebuked those who called on African Americans to “wait” for relief while shielded from the suffering that flowed out of “the disease of segregation,” noting further that “shallow understanding from people of good will is more frustrating than absolute misunderstanding from people of ill will.”

A few weeks later, Culbreth delivered a sermon titled “The Musts of Jesus.” In it, he decisively broke with his previous moderation, publicly coming out in favor of integration and condemning the silence of white ministers in Birmingham, the position he had previously defended. It’s unclear whether Culbreth viewed the shift as repentance. The change, though, was big enough for others to notice.

After the Sunday sermon, Henry, CT’s top editor at the time, told Culbreth in a letter that his call “for acceptance of the Negro” had taken “a lot of courage.”

“And that’s to your credit,” Henry added, while also expressing some concern regarding King (“about whom I don’t share your enthusiasm,” he wrote, without offering further details). Among other things, Henry commended Culbreth for his words about “the failure of the Birmingham ministers to respond” to civil rights demonstrations.

“I’m wholly convinced that we must identify ourselves with the Negro’s search for human rights,” continued Henry. “Justice is not something due another man from us simply as Christians, but due from us as human beings; the Christian will consider himself doubly obligated to promote it. We must rally to the Negro’s side, I think, for equal opportunity in public affairs, public education, public employment, public housing, and other public institutions.”

CHBC Archives

A letter from Carl F.H. Henry to R.B. Culbreth, May 26, 1963.

What Metropolitan needed, concluded Henry, was “creative spiritual dedication” at a time when the character of Washington (and of the nation) was being determined. Was the church ready for the challenge? Was it ready to repent from the sin of partiality and the comfort provided by silence?

After Culbreth’s sermon, members began showing a change of heart and moved toward desegregating services at the chapel in Anacostia.

The church’s deacons soon affirmed that “all candidates for membership shall be treated in the same manner,” rejecting any two-tiered approach to membership. By 1964, segregated services at the chapel were a relic of a not-so-distant past. When the chapel was finally ready to constitute itself as an independent church in 1966, the majority-Black congregation adopted the name Anna Johenning Baptist Church as a tribute to the member of Metropolitan who had initiated the work.

Metropolitan, which changed its name to Capitol Hill Metropolitan Baptist Church in 1967 and then to Capitol Hill Baptist Church in 1995, welcomed its first African American member in 1969: Margaret Roy. The fight for racial integration, however, was not quite complete. Four white families left the church when Roy joined. But despite experiencing some serious unpleasantness, Roy resolved “that she would treat people right regardless of how they may treat her,” she recalled in an interview conducted in 1997. At a women’s Bible study, Roy said one woman “turned her back on her,” but the same woman later “became a friend.”

Today, Anna Johenning Baptist Church—now called The Temple of Praise—and Capitol Hill Baptist Church, where I pastor, continue to preach the gospel in their respective communities on separate sides of the Anacostia River. They don’t maintain special ties. But a shared history unites them into one story, and a shared Spirit unites them into one body. And though a river divides them today, one day a river will unite them.

In Revelation, the apostle John paints a picture of the saints gathered around the river of the water of life, a crystal-clear body of water flowing from the throne of God. On either side of the river are the branches of the tree of life, whose leaves are “for the healing of the nations” (22:2). One day all the saints will join at the foot of that river to worship the Lamb. On that day (v. 4), every wound of sin and strife and every tear of injustice will be wiped away because we will see his face.

Caleb Morell is an assistant pastor at Capitol Hill Baptist Church and the author of A Light on the Hill: The Surprising Story of How a Local Church in the Nation’s Capital Influenced Evangelicalism.

- More from Caleb Morell

Ideas

The Model Immigrants in Legal Limbo

Carrie McKean

Contributor

They followed the law. They got in line. They never took welfare or committed a crime. So why would Kevenson and Sherlie be sent back to Haiti?

Illustration by Elizabeth Kaye / Source Images: Courtesy of Kimberly Snelgrooes

If you’re driving northeast out of Amarillo, Texas, up Highway 60 toward my hometown of White Deer, you might stop for gas at the Cefco in Panhandle, population 2,358. And at the Cefco counter, you might meet Sherlie Joseph, a young Haitian woman who greets her customers with a gentle accent and a kind smile.

She’s a legal immigrant who has lived in Panhandle since July 2023 with her husband, Kevenson Jean. They entered the US by applying for a spot in the CHNV (Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua, and Venezuela) humanitarian parole program, which the Biden administration created in January 2023 in an effort to control the flood of people from those countries who were crossing the southern border on foot.

Like other approved applicants, Sherlie and Kevenson had to have American sponsors—ordinary people, not government officials—who were willing jump through bureaucratic hoops and financially support the couple while they got their bearings in the US. Only then could they apply to the program from Haiti and, after approval, travel here by plane.

That’s how Sherlie and Kevenson ended up in this small Texas Panhandle community. They are model legal immigrants, the kind of couple any politician would love to tout in a stump speech: They got in line. They filled out the paperwork. They completed background checks. They proved that they had the financial resources and personal support networks to make their own way in America without burdening the social welfare system. Once they got here, they entered the legal workforce, often doing jobs that few Americans want, slowly climbing the ladder to better-paying roles. They’re even church-attending, Bible-believing Christians.

And until a federal judge halted a Trump administration plan on Monday—a ruling sure to be appealed—the US government was kicking them out of the country.

That might seem bizarre if you’ve mostly heard discussion of a crackdown on illegal immigration. Kevenson and Sherlie are here legally, so why would they be removed?

The narrow answer is that on March 29, along with more than 500,000 other people who went through the same entry process, they received a form letter with orders to leave the country by Thursday of next week: April 24, 2025. President Donald Trump was ending the Biden-era humanitarian parole program, the letter explained, so back to Haiti they were told to go—back to a country with barely the semblance of a government, a country so troubled by gang violence that bodies rot in the streets and armed drones roam the capital city, aiming for gang members and sometimes hitting children instead.

The broader answer is that the president ran on a commitment to secure our borders, and, as pitched on the campaign trail, his plan hinges on deporting illegal immigrants, focusing on those with criminal records. This is a reasonable policy objective that has broad support among many Americans.

But since coming to office, the Trump administration has not limited its focus to people here illegally and people committing crimes. It has targeted an ever-wider group of immigrants, including people—like Sherlie and Kevenson—who followed the law at every turn. White House rhetoric has blurred the difference between illegal immigrants, refugees, and asylum seekers and between visas like an H-1B (for professionals) and an F-1 (for students). Glib social media posts have suggested with varying degrees of subtlety that all migrants are criminals, lumping together legal immigrants like Kevenson and Sherlie with someone who walked across the border with pockets full of fentanyl.

Legally, the president is within his rights to decline to renew the CHNV parole program, which was offered at the discretion of the Department of Homeland Security. (His authority to revoke the two-year paroles already granted is what was challenged in court.) But legal does not mean prudent, let alone right. And though border security is a good policy goal, the means we use to achieve that end matter. We can support strong border security and reject cruel and capricious policies that mislead the American people and upend legal immigrants’ lives. As Christians, we can want order in our immigration system and obey Christ’s command to care for the vulnerable (Matt. 25:31–46).

This is a lesson Kevenson and Sherlie’s friends in Panhandle have learned since that notice arrived in March. One of the couple’s sponsors, Kimberly (Kim) Snelgrooes, is a childhood schoolmate of mine. She met Kevenson back in 2019 when she was visiting Haiti on a short-term mission trip. They became good friends on that trip, and Kevenson eventually went to work for the nonprofit ministry Kim founded in Haiti, Hills of His Grace.

But as gang violence worsened, the job put Kevenson in danger. In 2021, thieves in Haiti’s capital, Port-au-Prince, held a gun to his head, demanding the US dollars he had just collected for ministry operations. So when Kim heard about the CHNV humanitarian parole program, she asked Kevenson and his then-girlfriend, Sherlie, if they wanted to apply with Kim’s family’s help.

That sponsorship was a big commitment: Anything Kevenson and Sherlie needed—from airline tickets and housing in Texas to medical care and legal assistance—the Snelgrooes family promised to provide. But though Kim and her husband, Jered, were the ones who signed the I-134A petition and hosted Kevenson and Sherlie in their home for their first six months in America, resettling the couple was a responsibility shared by their community in Panhandle, especially other members of the town’s First Baptist Church. This network helped the young Haitians find jobs, learn to drive, navigate the grocery store, and otherwise become self-sufficient new Texans.

Since Kevenson and Sherlie received their deportation notice, their American friends have scrambled to understand what’s happening and determine what might be done. The more they learned, Kim told me, the worse it seemed.

Trump’s decision to cancel the program may hold up in court, even after Monday’s halt: Policies that live by executive action can easily die by executive action. But pushing for these immigrants to lose their legal status isn’t reasonable or just, for it goes well beyond simply closing the program to new applicants. It also rescinds the permission previously granted to people like Kevenson and Sherlie, people who have spent years building peaceful, productive lives in the US while taking legal steps to achieve permanent residency and then citizenship.

On paper, that might not sound like a huge deal. Tough breaks, perhaps, but just an unfortunate side effect of a necessary reform. But for Kevenson and Sherlie and the community that has come to love them, it’s chaotic, confusing, and cruel.

This couple was allotted less than a month to rearrange their entire lives and told they’d be fined $998 per day if they missed the deportation deadline. Kevenson was further told that he’d lose the commercial driver’s license he earned after completing a program at Clarendon College Pampa Center to become a commercial trucker—a gratuitous twist of the knife. If they head back to Haiti, Kimberly told me, they’ll return to a “very real humanitarian crisis.” Even reaching their families’ homes, they explained to a local news outlet, would be extremely dangerous.

For now, pending new legal developments, Kevenson and Sherlie will stay in Texas. But their lives are still in limbo. If the Trump administration wins on appeal, they’ll have to decide what to do.

One alternative would be to go on to a third location, maybe Canada. But that prospect isn’t practical or appealing—they love Panhandle, Kim said. “They have a community of friends here. We’re their family, and they want to be where their people are.” Yet how can they stay, if those daily fines come back in the mix? Monday’s court ruling was a welcome reprieve, but the matter is far from settled.

That’s not for lack of trying. If there’s anything like a silver lining in this story, it is the way Panhandle has rallied to the couple’s side.

This town is Trump country through and through. In the 2024 general election, nine in ten voters in Panhandle’s county cast their ballots for Trump. They voted for border security; make no mistake. But they didn’t vote for this. “I don’t know anyone in Panhandle who knows our story and thinks we ought to be forced to leave,” Sherlie told me.

I’m certain she’s right. This part of Texas is my home. I understand the culture. Respecting law and order means a lot out here, but so does justice and fair treatment and taking care of your neighbor. And as word spread about the deportation notice, locals stepped up on Kevenson and Sherlie’s behalf.

Their landlord said they can stay in their home rent-free if their work permits are revoked, “as long as it takes to get things sorted out.” They’ve had offers of cash jobs. Some church members have been researching whether the building can function as a sanctuary in the political sense or if immigration officials will force their way in. (Last week, a federal judge “declined to block [a] new Trump administration policy allowing immigration authorities to carry out arrests at ‘sensitive locations’ like churches and other religious spaces.”) Other church members have been consulting with attorneys, praying for promising legal appeals like the one on Monday, and writing letters to elected officials like Congressman Ronny Jackson, pleading for help.

“There was a 90-year-old lady at church on Sunday who asked if I could help her learn how to cut and paste on her computer so she could email her representatives expressing concern for this administration’s treatment of legal humanitarian parolees,” said Peggy Chaney, Kim’s mom. “She listens to Fox News 24/7, very conservative, and a die-hard Republican. But she thinks this is wrong.”

She’s right. And that realization—that willingness to place even the strongest political convictions beneath the authority of Jesus—is exactly what I pray to see here in West Texas and across our country over the next four years. It is possible to like Trump’s policies, including his drive to stop illegal immigration and secure the border, and yet refuse to cede an inch of our Christian responsibilities to do justice to the foreigner (Ezek. 22:29).

“It is time that all the churches stir themselves to make plain to the nation the tragic mistake it is making. … The method is not democratic, is not in accord with American traditions, and is not right.” Charles Clayton Morrison wasn’t talking about Kevenson and Sherlie when he said that. The editor of The Christian Century magazine from 1908 to 1947, he was writing on the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II.

I don’t want to overstate the similarities between the two situations. American politics does not need another overwrought World War II analogy. But lately I often find myself thinking about the internment program and how American Christians were slow to condemn its injustice.

The “churches failed to organize a unified protest against the evacuation during the first critical months of 1942,” documents historian Gerald L. Sittser in A Cautious Patriotism, though “they did pull together to meet the practical and religious needs of the Japanese later on. It was that early failure to protest the government’s policy, in fact, that reinforced their commitment to serve the Japanese Americans once evacuation began.” That commitment was good and redemptive—but what might have happened if Christians had acted before the evacuations were a sure thing? Could internment have been prevented altogether?

With time, many American Christians did protest the government’s treatment of Japanese Americans. For churches on the West Coast in particular, I suspect the injustice must have become impossible to ignore. That’s certainly how it is in Panhandle. While you’re chatting with Sherlie as you buy a coffee and fill up your tank, our country’s big and complex and amorphous immigration policy is at least partly simplified. It has a face, the face of a friend.

The task before us as Christians, I think, is to cultivate compassion and stay alert to injustice before it is glaringly present among us—before it’s too late to stop a big government bureaucracy grinding up innocent people’s lives. We can’t simply assume the courts will make things right.

As followers of Jesus, we each must cultivate a critical eye toward our “own” parties. We must stay alert, recognizing that earthly rulers are prone to manipulation, power plays (Matt. 20:25), and ungodly acts of injustice (Ecc. 5:8–9).

Again, that doesn’t mean being soft on immigration. It doesn’t mean turning a blind eye to crime or accepting disorder at the border. It’s possible to pair strong border policy with compassion and justice. It’s not possible to pair compassion and justice with indifference to human suffering (Luke 10:25–37).

That’s what makes the people of Panhandle such a worthy example right now. They’re overwhelmingly politically conservative Republicans. Most folks are evangelical Christians. They typically support Trump and his administration’s goals.

But they don’t support what’s been happening to Sherlie and Kevenson, and they are pulling together to protest the couple’s treatment and rallying to meet their needs. The people of Panhandle have not been idle in the face of injustice. They have “not become weary in doing good” (Gal. 6:9).

The question before the rest of us is whether we’ll follow that good lead. And right now, that question is particularly pressing for those of us who may wield some small influence with the party in power. Criticism from Democrats is unlikely to have much sway on Republican leadership, but for politically conservative, evangelical Christians who may yet broadly support this administration, this is an Esther moment.

The people of Panhandle have been pleading for the king’s mercy, but the moment demands a louder and broader outcry, especially if the administration tests Monday’s judicial ruling. For, as Esther asked (8:6), how can we bear to see disaster fall on people like Kevenson and Sherlie? How can I bear to see the destruction of this family, and so many others too? How can we remain silent in such a time as this?

Carrie McKean is a West Texas–based writer whose work has appeared in The New York Times, The Atlantic, and Texas Monthly magazine. Find her at carriemckean.com.

- More from Carrie McKean

News

Under Trump, Conservative Christians Want to Reshape Public Education or Flee the System

Kelsey Kramer McGinnis

While some states move toward bringing the Bible back into schools, homeschool advocates prioritize parental rights and freedoms.

Thomas Simonetti for The Washington Post via Getty Images

“We’d rather be free than have it be fair.”

Laura Gideon, a Christian homeschooling advocate, repeated the line from the rotunda of the Iowa State Capitol, where parents sat in rows of chairs alongside school-aged kids and babies sleeping in strollers.

Homeschool Iowa’s annual Capitol Day, held in early April, invites families to Des Moines to hear speakers, tour the Capitol, and talk with legislators.

Gideon, director of public relations for Classical Conversations, a Christian homeschool program, argued that parents should be “left alone to shoulder the God-given responsibility to train up their children in the way they should go.”

In Iowa, the lobbying efforts are to discourage the state legislature from adopting new regulations on homeschooling; families can currently educate their kids outside of public schools without any initial reporting requirements or mandatory number of instructional days.

In Gideon’s words, the pursuit of equity in public education would lead to “Marxist,” redistributive policies—echoing recent pushback against DEI initiatives. She claimed efforts to close education gaps with state standards or regulations will inevitably lead to the restriction of freedoms or unfair impositions on parental rights. She urged attendees to “promote and protect education independence.”

In neighboring Illinois, current proposed legislation that would require homeschoolers and private schools to register with the state and meet curricula requirements or face misdemeanor charges elicited outcry from the Illinois Christian Home Educators and the Home School Legal Defense Association.

As sweeping changes to the US Department of Education raise questions about the future of American public schools, conservative voices are speaking out about parents’ rights to make educational decisions without government interference—while others call on Christian parents to stay in the public school system and seek to reform it.

In his 2023 bestseller Battle for the American Mind, Fox News’s Pete Hegseth (now the the US defense secretary) argued that the public school system had become a tool of indoctrination and that Christians ought to advocate for a return to classical education and lead an insurgency against the liberal agenda.

Building on the momentum of the school choice movement, President Donald Trump campaigned on promises to “end wokeness” in American public schools and has sought to withhold federal funding from schools that facilitate diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) programs or promote gender ideology.

Meanwhile, postpandemic anxiety about education continues to be a boon for homeschooling and school choice. Advocates have seen an increase in interest in alternatives to public education as data suggest that closures and online instruction have left students with learning gaps and loss.

Aaron Neely, the executive director of Homeschool Iowa, said that while the majority of parents homeschool for religious reasons, the number of nonreligious homeschooling families is increasing. Nationally, 3.4 percent of students were homeschooled during the 2022–2023 school year, up from 2.8 percent in 2018–2019.

Today’s school choice coalition includes advocates of homeschooling, expanding charter and private schools, offering school voucher programs, and loosening federal regulation of education. In states like Iowa, distrust in public education and the convergence of interests among right-wing activists and conservative Christians have strengthened the movement.

“The New Right is very Catholic,” said education researcher Jennifer Berkshire, coauthor of The Education Wars. “And there are libertarian entrepreneurs, who have always overlapped with evangelicals when it comes to education. Right now, it feels like it’s all fused.”

Events like Capitol Day illustrate Berkshire’s point. Iowa attorney general Brenna Bird, a Catholic, told attendees, “You are the salt and light of the world.” Turning Point USA, the conservative activist organization founded by Charlie Kirk, was a top-billed sponsor.

Trump has issued an executive order directing his secretary of education to reduce the federal education department “to the maximum extent appropriate and permitted by law.” The order, signed March 20, promises to reimagine the US education system, “returning education to parents and communities” and securing parents’ ability to choose where their kids go to school with as little government interference as possible.

The Trump administration is also taking its fight to the public system by seeking to reduce the size and power of the education department and give state governments more leeway to implement faith-based curriculum or weed out content with a perceived liberal or “woke” slant.

Some Christian leaders are cheering the reduction as a move toward decentralization and away from a system they perceive as being overrun with ideology that runs counter to their faith. Others are hoping it allows Christians to reshape public education from the top down by infusing it with their values.

Ryan Walters, Oklahoma’s state superintendent, has requested full control of federal funds allotted to the state’s schools, saying that the move is in line with the president’s vision of education and that it will allow the state to “take the reins” of its schools.

Walters, a member of the Church of Christ, has spearheaded efforts to get the Bible into the classroom. The state legislature refused his request for funding to purchase Bibles for public school classrooms, and Walters is now seeking donations to supply schools with “God Bless the USA” Bibles with the support of country singer Lee Greenwood.

Last year, the state announced that all public schools would be required to incorporate the Bible and the Ten Commandments into their curriculum.

In states like Oklahoma, where over 90 percent of students attend public schools and students in rural communities have limited options, Christian advocates see value in reshaping public education rather than abandoning it.

In some ways, Berkshire says, this is a familiar battleground. In the 1980s and ’90s, evangelicals in the camp of leaders like author and conservative activist Tim LaHaye decried the growing influence of “secular humanism” in public schools and advocated for increased institutional support for school prayer, with the backing of President Ronald Reagan.

But much of that fight has been forgotten, according to Berkshire, because conservatives eventually retreated—the movement splintered over different goals, and those with fringe views alienated others in the coalition. Now, Berkshire said, conservative school choice activists have momentum on their side, as well as galvanizing culture-war issues like critical race theory and gender.

“There’s a split between people who want to seize the institution back and others who think that the schools are too lost,” she said.

For many Christian parents, doubts about the quality of instruction in math or phonics are secondary or at least on par with concerns that public schools have become too ideological.

“It feels like shooting yourself in the foot to, as the expression goes, ‘hand your kids over to Caesar’ for hours of the day,” said Christine Hill, a mother of two teens who drove halfway across the state for Capitol Day.

Christian students also express concerns about the effects of having to constantly confront teaching that conflicts with their closely held beliefs.

“I don’t want to be told over and over that we evolved from slime,” said Levi Hill, Christine Hill’s 15-year-old son. “Homeschooling is better for your mindset. It’s a more well-rounded education.”

Activists describe public schooling as a threat to children’s moral formation. At Capitol Day, Attorney General Bird said it is imperative to preserve the right to homeschool “because we want kids with strong character and the right moral compass.” She reminded the audience of the importance of engaging in activism on “parental rights issues like vaccines.”

Both Gideon and Bird referenced Proverbs 22:6, suggesting that preserving parental rights is about securing the right for parents to raise their children “the way they should go.”

Some Christian homeschool advocates are quick to say that the decision to educate their children isn’t about fear or dismantling public education. Some see it as a way to guard against stress and overscheduling. Others say that it’s the best way to care for their neurodivergent children.

Gideon’s insistence that homeschooling families would “rather be free than have it be fair” appeals to parents with options. “You can’t have both fairness and freedom,” Gideon also said. “One must be sacrificed to secure the other.”

The freedom to choose may be best understood as a privilege rather than a right, author and homeschool parent Gretchen Ronnevik wrote for CT.

Ronnevik also suggests that parents should keep a healthy perspective when it comes to the power of their choices in light of God’s sovereignty: “Our ability to raise our children in the faith isn’t dependent on our location, our income, and other material advantages. Great saints have been raised in places where Christianity is illegal. Many deeply faithful Christians never spent a day in school. God is not bound by our educational choices.”

- More from Kelsey Kramer McGinnis

Testimony

The Lion, the Wizard, and the Great Physician

Nina Maksimova

During childhood, my heart beat with joy in Narnia and Middle-earth. After meeting an invisible Doctor, I understood why.

Photography by Tze-Hung Seeto for Christianity Today

One dawn in 2020, locked down in a high-rise apartment, I was sicker than I had ever been in my life when a Doctor walked through the dead-bolted door and into my living room.

He did this not tangibly but in my imagination. I have had an active one since I was a child. Characters from other realms would often come visit if I had paper and pencil, and I would bundle nightly under the covers with a book and flashlight to make my own trips to fictional worlds. I did this not to escape our world but to search for explanations of what I had witnessed in it.

I was five years old when my family immigrated from Russia to the United States, fleeing life-threatening antisemitism. From the safety of our new home, I pondered a question: Why, beneath the skin-flaying sorrow of the human story, could I sense in every capillary of my being the throbbing pulse of heartbreaking joy?

This was the question that kept me up reading, and the first fictional world where I began to glimpse answers was Narnia. Here was a story that persuasively imagined the necessity of friendship and courage in the face of hatred and terror––a story in which the heartbeat of joy beat louder. It emanated from Aslan the lion, who followed me home out of the wardrobe. He started accompanying me to kindergarten and playing tag with my friends at recess. He let me fall asleep nuzzling his mane, and the tenderness of his presence felt like déjà vu, like something I could almost recognize or a good dream I could almost remember.

One might argue I was simply recognizing C. S. Lewis’s allusions to the gospel story. But that was impossible. My family had inherited the Soviet Union’s atheism. When I met Aslan, I had never heard of “Jesus of Nazareth,” never opened a Bible, never knowingly encountered Christianity.

Aslan stayed with me for the next two years until the premiere of the Fellowship of the Ring movie. My family went to see it, and the heartbeat of joy that had reverberated in Lewis’s Narnia now surged from the depths of Tolkien’s Middle-earth.

It crescendoed with nearly unbearable resonance into a longing that pulled me toward Gandalf the wizard. When I watched him die, I was so upset that I begged my mom to read me the next book in the series, The Two Towers. There, Gandalf came back from the dead, transfigured with white light, and took Aslan’s place as my imaginary companion. He remained with me for the next ten years—until they turned dark, then dangerous, and I told him to go away.

I did so because, as a teenager, I encountered more and more evil, not only outside myself but also inside. I did not need to read children’s stories anymore to know that adults could shape-shift into monsters, that we were capable of any horror. Louder than that heartbeat of joy, I began to hear a hissing in my thoughts that demanded to know why I should be kind to my enemies when I could be cruel; why I should seek good when I could seek power, pleasure.

I had no answers, only the emotions Narnia and Middle-earth had inspired. So I stopped using my imagination to indulge in “childish” stories and started digging for answers in the nonfictional abysses of 20th-century Europe. I stopped talking to Gandalf and matriculated at Dartmouth College. My first professor was a Christian.

His lectures on 20th-century Europe dissected me. I imagined myself a citizen of the Third Reich and understood I could not stop its gears from grinding up blood and marrow. I could perhaps shelter my Jewish neighbors, but that would not halt the cattle trains headed to Auschwitz. If anything, I would be arrested and gassed myself, so all my logic ordered me to opt for self-preservation.

But I could still hear that joy from my childhood, pounding like the heartbeat of a dying bird. That joy demanded a courage I could not comprehend, a selflessness I could not imagine. It demanded all of me, in fact, but with the passionate gentleness of a beloved. And I could not surrender, because between me and that joy stood the monster of death, and I was afraid, and I still had no answers.

Around this time, my professor returned my exam with a scribbled note: “If you’d like to chat more about these topics, come and see me.”

I did come and see him, and I learned that he was also a pastor whose faith had provided an intellectual framework for his trials. For the first time in my life, I opened a Bible and started reading. But if its contents had spoken to my new friend, they did not make any sense to me. I could neither imagine any of the biblical stories, nor feel emotion about them, nor grasp their logical implications. But I liked discussing them with my professor, so I kept reading until I graduated from Dartmouth and enrolled at Harvard for a PhD specializing in cosmology.

Right away, I met certain students who had also witnessed childhood suffering that had left them with lifelong questions. Like me, they had turned to science in pursuit of a rational story that made sense of their chaotic universe. These classmates were brilliant and often kind, but they had not, in their own words, forgiven the world for its cruelties. Why should we be fair to our enemies when they have been brutal? Why bother with goodness when greatness is better?

I wondered these things myself, especially after my encounter with 20th-century Europe. And I could almost sustain this mindset, so long as I believed I was better than my neighbors. In the early days of my PhD, my friend, the pastor-professor, forwarded me a Christian article about Narnia, Middle-earth, and Jesus. I felt a hissing anger frothing inside when I read that email. I typed a reply—to my best friend of the past two years—and told him, like Gandalf, to never contact me again.

I did not know it then, but neither my professor nor Gandalf truly left me; they merely withdrew to a gentlemanly distance. I would learn later that my professor prayed for me daily for the next four years.

In the meantime, I drank up Harvard’s culture to the point of intoxication. I worked on influential projects, climbed the social hierarchy, ate at expensive restaurants, and wore fine clothing. It made me happy—on the surface. But I felt a corrosive despair rising within, leaving me empty, lonely, and joyless, though I could not understand why.

Around this time, I got an email offering a relationship with a faculty career mentor. Although I replied, I did not get the mentor I had requested. Instead, I was assigned to a professor Karin Öberg. I did not like her. She was one of those devout Christian types.

I decided that I could put up with this when I realized that she also knew about the joyful heartbeat. In fact, she seemed to attach a great deal of importance to it. Each time I explored a potential career path, I would report back, saying, “Well, that was all right. I suppose I could do that for a living.” But she would shake her blond head and tell me, “No. You’re not glowing with joy. Cross that job off the list and move on.”

Karin and I met in person until the pandemic descended, but when Harvard closed, I locked down with a friend in his high-rise apartment. One July dawn, during a time of peaceful protests and violent riots, I watched with my coffee from the safety of our 26th-story windows as the National Guard deployed amid shattered glass and clouds of pepper spray. I knew my schedule for that day: I would put on my fine clothes, work on my influential project, and lord over my colleagues. And the despair inside me swelled into a vertigo of nausea, an utter vacuum of meaning.

I had everything I wanted. This was the life I had chosen. Nobody had forced it upon me, but now I was trapped in it. And it felt like a foretaste of hell. It sickened me.

I lay down on the couch and tried, for the first time in years, to access my imagination. I could not do it. The wardrobe to Narnia was just a wardrobe. The passage to Middle-earth seemed forever closed. If I had woken up blind, I do not think I would have felt as much terror. I became desperate and tried to imagine something simpler: the corridor just outside our dead-bolted apartment. But I saw nothing, not even blackness or the texture of my eyelids, but an abyss, the negation of being. And as I began to topple into it, I felt someone sit down on the couch and catch my hand.

I opened my eyes and saw a graying, bespectacled Doctor with an old-fashioned medical bag and a heartbreaking gentleness that seemed somehow familiar. I knew he was imaginary; in fact, part of me wanted to congratulate myself for forcing my rusty imagination into first gear. But the rest of me sensed the Doctor at my bedside was different from the characters I had invented.

I do not remember what he and I talked about, only that he visited daily that summer until my imagination returned. I got well enough to ask whether I should stay with my friend in our high-rise apartment.

I will always remember the Doctor’s answer: “By saying yes to him, you’re saying no to someone else.”

I left the high-rise and returned to Harvard. I called my history professor, who said he forgave me because he had been forgiven. I wrote a short story about my Doctor, which posed but did not answer my nagging questions, and then I put it away, eager to dive back into my Harvard life.

But the Doctor kept following me around, gently whispering, “Finish my story.” I probably would have ignored him had it not been for Karin. When I told her about the Doctor, she gave me a strange look, as though she had recognized him. She said, “Keep writing. This is it. Finally, you are glowing.”

I pulled the draft back out and, with the Doctor’s help, began turning it into a novel. I submitted an early version to a Harvard writing course, and it was accepted. The instructor encouraged me to apply to national workshops, and this, too, went well.

My Doctor, meanwhile, shepherded me back to New Hampshire on what I thought was just a vacation. I stayed with my Dartmouth friends, three of whom happened to be retired doctors, who contributed their expertise to the growing manuscript. It dawned on me there was no reason to return to Boston, so I texted a New Hampshire friend to ask if he knew of any rentals where I could focus on my PhD and on writing. He texted back, “Do you need indoor plumbing?” Because if not, he and his wife had a cabin in the woods where I could finish the novel.

Many months later, over half a year since leaving the high-rise apartment, after two full revisions of the novel, I woke up on March 28, 2021. Being an atheist, I had no idea it was Palm Sunday. I did my work for the day. I drove into town to buy a burrito. I returned to the cabin and, on a whim, decided to read the Gospel of John. I had a copy of every major religious text because owning them made me feel smarter.

I read to just before Jesus’ arrest in the garden, then closed my eyes. I imagined myself facing torture and death, as I had imagined in 20th-century Europe. But this time, I did not flee the terror. Instead, I let it suffuse me. Then I imagined my Doctor in the garden, and after I had soaked up this pain, I imagined him waiting for the impending death of his Son. For that was the story of the novel I had just finished: a father losing his only child.

I imagined his agony. I could feel skin-flaying sorrow. And I understood the logical implications of Jesus’ claims. If the gospel were true, then Lewis and Tolkien had been right: The universe was a romance and our life an adventure. If the gospel were true, then the monsters were powerless: Every life was infinitely valuable, death had been defeated, and though we fell, we would rise. If the gospel were true, then Jesus of Nazareth was the heartbreaking joy I had been searching for all my life: my Aslan, my Gandalf, my Doctor, Beloved, and Savior.

I stood in the cabin, holding on to the gospel, and all the stories I had ever read fell away to bare an author. For the first time in my life, I was willing to know the answer.

“Is it true?” I asked.

And God answered:

“Yes.”

Nina Maksimova, PhD, lives in Scotland, where she is preparing the Doctor’s novel for publication while studying the intersection of cosmology, literature, and religion at the University of St Andrews.

- More from Nina Maksimova

Ideas

I’m a Gen Z Woman. I’m Staying in Church.

Jenna Mindel

The gender disparity in the pews is widening, but young women need the church, too.

Perhaps the single most discouraging part of being a young Christian woman in America today is watching my peers leave the church. Far too often, I’ve seen frustration turn into cynicism and deconstruction into deconversion.

And this is happening well beyond my circles: For the first time historically in the United States, more young men are religiously affiliated than their female peers. As cultural and political allegiances further solidify, 18- to 29-year-old women are fleeing churches, and young men are staying. This is but one data point that speaks to a cultural divide, such as political orientation, growing between men and women.

For most of recent history, women were slightly more likely to attend church and to be religiously affiliated. Now, the scales have tipped, with younger men being a few percentage points higher in categories like regular church attendance compared to younger women.

Last year, religion reporter Ruth Graham explored this gap in The New York Times, interviewing a variety of congregants at Baptist churches in Texas (as well as Christianity Today’s editor in chief, Russell Moore, and religion researcher Ryan Burge). Burge, who provided the data on Graham’s piece, told me he sees the numbers coming out the same way in multiple data sets: “I am not willing to say the gender gap has reversed, but I am willing to say the gender gap has disappeared.”

Some have argued that cynicism toward the church among women is due to the last few election cycles, where the majority of white evangelicals voted for Trump. While this might be part of the equation, it is not the sole reason women are attending church in fewer numbers. Burge, who pastored for two decades, said women leaving the church could partly be a reaction to preaching that is specifically geared toward keeping men in the church. When the church tries to meet the needs of one specific group, it inevitably overlooks another, he observed. Churches like to think they are not influenced by popular culture, he said, but Christians cannot escape the cultures we live in.

And in the wake of the #MeToo movement, feminism, and “Red Pill” masculinity, Christian women are left with a lot of conflicting messages about what it means to be a woman. These are questions the church needs to be prepared to answer.

In a culture that tries to pit women and men against each other, the church needs to provide a more compelling, countercultural story—one where male and female are both honored. And as our culture continues to divide and gender continues to be a contentious topic, the church must resist the temptation to assimilate to culture in either direction, instead returning to its countercultural roots. That includes rejecting both political parties’ visions of gender and upholding a Christ-centered view, one that honored women in a culture where Jewish men prayed daily to thank God that they were not Gentiles, slaves, or women.

Christ offered a revolutionary view of women in a patriarchal society—that they, too, could be disciples. In a time when only the smartest Jewish men were permitted to follow rabbis, Jesus opened the door to ordinary and sinful women to follow him and become disciples.

Dorothy Sayers wrote about Christ’s affection for women:

A prophet and teacher who never nagged at them, never flattered or coaxed or patronised; who never made arch jokes about them, never treated them either as ‘The women, God help us!’ or ‘The ladies, God bless them!;’ who rebuked without querulousness and praised without condescension; who took their questions and arguments seriously; who never mapped out their sphere for them, never urged them to be feminine or jeered at them for being female; who had no axe to grind and no uneasy male dignity to defend; who took them as he found them and was completely unself-conscious.

Despite messaging in modern feminism, secular culture does not cherish womanhood by diminishing and deconstructing gender. While I affirm the goodness of sex distinction, I understand the inclination of my peers to want to do away with its differences.

The power men have held in the church for centuries has yielded much good, but it has also permitted atrocious acts of abuse, done by the church or kept quiet by the church. Hearing anecdotes about pastors and others in the church failing to protect women is another reason women may feel hesitant to attend church. It looks as if the church is acting as the world does, neglecting the vulnerable and bolstering the powerful.

As a young woman choosing to stay in the church, I empathize with those who are leaving. I understand those who feel jaded and hurt by the church. The #ChurchToo movement reveals how women have been wounded by those entrusted to care for them. Christians need to resist both ends of the cultural spectrum, which both demand power, and remember that, in God’s kingdom, the first shall be last, and the last shall be first (Matt. 20:16).

For my fellow Gen Z women, I encourage you to return to the pages of Scripture, where we see Jesus cherishing women. Outside of Scripture, we can read the words of faithful Christian women throughout history who share our burdens and our love for Christ.

Just as Jesus was countercultural by embracing women in a culture that ridiculed and reduced them, the call for Christians today is the same: not to reduce one another by cultural stereotypes but to embrace each other as distinct individuals made in the image of God, as beloved brothers or sisters in Christ. There are communities all over the world that are faithful to Jesus, and unfortunately, they are all imperfect and flawed.

“He who loves his dream of a community more than the Christian community itself becomes a destroyer of the latter,” Dietrich Bonhoeffer said in Life Together, “even though his personal intentions may be ever so honest and earnest and sacrificial.”

Both Christians and non-Christians are susceptible to the same sins and struggles. The only difference is that Christians repent and then reorient themselves to God. That’s why the church is so important. We are meant to lovingly keep one another in check.

What a grave disservice we do when we brush aside abuse and hurt, worried that our churches are uniquely sinful. Christians must be unique in our pursuit of holiness, which requires accountability and repentance.

Women who feel jaded by the church: don’t turn away from your grief, but face the ways you have been hurt and welcome the counsel of a pastor, spiritual director, counselor, or fellow Christian. We are healed in community, even when imperfect communities may have inflicted our wounding.

As tempting as it is in our individualistic culture to pull away when things are hard, God’s best for all of us includes community. Although the church is imperfect, we can be assured that the perfect, communal, triune God surrounds us at all times.

Jenna Mindel is a writer based in Los Angeles. She works at Biola University, where she received a degree in journalism.

- More from Jenna Mindel

News

When a Church Is Not a Church

Warren Cole Smith

More ministries call themselves churches or associations of churches to avoid disclosure requirements.

Andrew Caballero-Reynolds / Getty

Since 2020, more than 80 of the 1,000 largest Christian ministries in the US have asked the Internal Revenue Service to classify each of them as an “association of churches.” That means the ministries do not file a Form 990, a document that publicizes information about revenue, expenses, and executive compensation.

More than 100 of the largest ministries, including Focus on the Family, Compassion International, Convoy of Hope, and the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association, now have the classification. The failure to file a Form 990 is a “red flag” according to Calvin Edwards, founder of the philanthropic consulting firm Calvin Edwards & Company.

Edwards said, “The Form 990 has information that you can’t find in the audit, including the salaries of key employees, names of board members and large contractors, and the amount of money the organization spends on its core mission. Also highlighted are the amounts it spends on administrative and fundraising. This information is valuable to donors wanting to assess the effectiveness of a ministry.”

The ministries often say their primary motivation is protecting donors. The issue of donor disclosure went national after Brendan Eich, cofounder of the web browser Mozilla, came under attack. The reason: In 2008 he contributed $1,000 to an organization supporting California’s Proposition 8 ballot proposal, which called for a ban of same-sex marriage. The donation went mostly unnoticed until Eich became chairman of Mozilla in 2014. Public outcry ensued, and Eich ultimately resigned under pressure.

That donation was political, not philanthropic, but it did highlight how ideologues could weaponize donor lists. In 2015, Kamala Harris, then California’s attorney general, attempted to compel nonprofits registered in the state to disclose the names of donors, but a California judge quickly halted Harris’s enforcement efforts, and the US Supreme Court in 2021 effectively barred the public disclosure of Schedule B, the part of the Form 990 that lists donors.

That means donors and ministries have stronger privacy protections than ever. Harris’s gambit eventually motivated states to start passing donor privacy laws. Today, at least 19 states now have such laws.

According to Chicago attorney David Bea, who advises Christian nonprofits (including CT), the California effort ended up strengthening, not weakening, donor privacy rights. The need for ministries to reclassify as associations of churches did not increase; it diminished.

But it also generated fear, or at least concern, among Christian ministries. Paul Batura, a spokesman for Focus on the Family, alluded to “several occasions on which non-profit organizations—on both the right and the left—were targeted for information, including the names and personal details of their donors.”

Attorney Bea said, “I don’t think all the ministries seeking reclassification are playing ‘hide the ball.’” For example, Wycliffe Associates, a large Bible-translation organization based in Orlando, Florida, filed its last Form 990 in 2008. Its former president, Bruce Smith, told CT concern for the security of its personnel working in closed countries was one of the reasons for this decision.

But journalist (and CT contributor) Mindy Belz, who has reported from conflict zones and closed countries, said security concerns overseas do not justify a lack of transparency here in the US. “Shining a light in dark places” often enhances security, she added: “It tends to bring about pressure that is helpful rather than harmful.”

If a US ministry does work overseas, it must disclose the amount of money it spends on that work in its Form 990, but that disclosure is by region, not by individual country. Samaritan’s Purse and World Vision work in closed countries all around the world, but both organizations nonetheless file Form 990s and are transparent with US donors.

World Help’s director of international partnerships, Kraig Cole, said his organization tries to find a “balance between security and transparency.” When reporting to donors and supporters about projects in persecution-prone countries, World Help may blur faces in photos and use different names. World Help does file a Form 990, and its leadership believes none of the information in that document compromises the safety of its staff overseas.

So if filing a Form 990 compromises neither donor privacy nor the safety of ministry work, why are more and more ministries electing this reclassification? Assessing motives is always a tricky business, but some of the ministries seem to make the reclassification to avoid scrutiny. Controversial and sometimes outright fraudulent organizations have been claiming the church exemption for years. It’s a common practice of televangelists and prosperity gospel preachers.

From 2007 to 2011, Sen. Charles Grassley investigated six televangelists—Benny Hinn, Eddie Long, Joyce Meyer, Kenneth Copeland, Creflo Dollar, and Paula White-Cain—whose organizations lacked transparency. The organizations they led spent donor money on mansions, lavish lifestyles, and private jets.

When a ministry reclassifies as an association of churches, it is often an early indication of trouble to come. For example, Ravi Zacharias International Ministries (RZIM) stopped filing a Form 990 in 2015. By 2017, rumors of impropriety began to surface, but because the ministry did not file a Form 990, the public could not see that RZIM now had Ravi Zacharias’s family members in senior leadership positions, as well as in board roles. Accountability and transparency were virtually nonexistent. By 2022, RZIM—once one of the largest and most respected ministries in the country—was out of business.

Biola University dean Ed Stetzer said ministry leaders should consider not just legal questions but biblical principles. He is skeptical of organizations that claim to be churches or associations of churches when they do not possess the essential qualities of a church.

Stetzer said, “The biblical definition of church has been an important discussion among missiologists and theologians for a long time. The Reformers often talked about the right administration of the sacraments, faithful preaching, and church discipline as indispensable marks of a church—if you don’t have those elements, you are not a church.”

He concluded, “That’s why something like a college Bible study is not a church, but 20 people meeting in a home in China can be—the marks are present in one but not the other.”

That’s why Bea said some of his clients have considered reclassification to a church or association of churches but ultimately “made the decision they didn’t think it was honest.”

Warren Cole Smith is the president of MinistryWatch.

- More from Warren Cole Smith

How Global Connections Make an Impact for Christ’s Kingdom

A Christianity Today article about prisons in El Salvador shed light on a need, and increased Prison Alliance’s impact in the country.

Caitlin Edwards

Chris Powell

In January 2025, a man in the Philippines receiving his first graduation certificate during the Pampanga Provincial Jail’s graduation ceremony needed help to get up onto the stage. Lucas Suriano was leading the graduation ceremony, but he took a moment to stop what he was doing and approached the man. Lucas helped him up and noticed the man was teary-eyed.

“I asked him how old he was, and he told me he was 72 years old,” said Lucas, who is the Global Operations Manager for the ministry Prison Alliance. “I was blown away because this man had probably been in this prison for years and he still has the strength and willingness to achieve something—to become his better self. It was incredible.”

Prison Alliance started in Raleigh, North Carolina, in 1996. Today it shares the gospel with incarcerated men and women in the United States and more than 17 other countries around the globe. Its mission is to “make disciples of every prisoner in every prison of every country around the world.”

“Day after day I am amazed by what God is doing inside of prisons,” Lucas said. “It’s one of those areas that people don’t usually pay attention to. But I can tell you that God’s love and God’s power is very present inside of prisons.”

Kathleen Skaar started Prison Alliance to make sure men and women in local prisons received Bibles and Christian books. She and her husband then expanded their reach to prisons across the United States. While delivering the Christian books did help those incarcerated, Kathleen realized what the people actually needed was discipleship. So she developed a three-course Bible study program that shares the gospel with prisoners.

Lucas Suriano joined the Prison Alliance team a little over two years ago and has helped Prison Alliance’s ministry grow internationally. While Lucas lives in Argentina he is over all of the global growth of the ministry.

“Getting involved with Prison Alliance was definitely God’s plan for me, because I come from a corporate background,” said Lucas. “My life has completely changed.”

Lucas wasn’t looking to join the nonprofit world, but he was unexpectedly fired from his corporate job. It shook up his life in a good way. During that time he met Tim Curington, Prison Alliance’s Executive Director, while Tim was on a trip to Argentina. Soon after that meeting Lucas started volunteering with Prison Alliance doing some translation work for the ministry in Spanish and Portuguese. That work grew beyond only doing translations into creating more of the vision to expand Prison Alliance’s global reach. Now Lucas works full-time with the ministry and oversees all the international growth for the organization. He is continually looking for more countries where Prison Alliance can work.

“Physically I am here working in Argentina, but mentally I am with the prisoners,” Lucas said. “I am trying to understand what they need and think about how we can make this program work to the best of our abilities.”

Lucas says that the organization’s heart lies in the words of Hebrews 13:3:

“Remember those who are in prison, as though you were in prison with them; those who are being tortured, as though you yourselves were being tortured.” (NRSV)

Prison Alliance has had a presence in countries like the Philippines for more than five years and Argentina for over three years. They have built solid relationships in these countries and the Philippines is their success model for how to create new partnerships. It is easier for Prison Alliance to do work in these countries. However, in new countries which are just being onboarded, building relationships requires a lot of effort.

Prison Alliance is about to access a second prison in Pakistan. To start their Bible study program in this second prison, they have needed to jump through many hoops, like requesting permission to bring pens and paper inside the prison.

“It is really a very bureaucratic process, but we have to follow it,” Lucas explained.

However, even working in a Muslim country like Pakistan has proved easier than ministering inside the prisons of El Salvador. Very few churches there have access to prisons; not even certified chaplains can get into the prisons to minister to those who are incarcerated, and the only authorization that is given is for special occasions like Christmas or Easter.

In July 2024, Christianity Today published an article about how difficult it is for ministries and pastors to reach prisoners in El Salvador. The situation in the Central American country is dire; 1 in 56 people in the country are incarcerated, and the government has made it more difficult in recent years for pastors and churches to enter prisons and do ministry.

Prison Alliance and its work in El Salvador were mentioned in the article, and multiple people reached out to Lucas to encourage him and inquire how they could partner with Prison Alliance. Mainly from El Salvador, they have been able to connect with their country pastor, Mario Carias Hernandez from San Salvador City, to put together a larger coalition that will help Prison Alliance grow and expand in the area.

“By God’s grace, the Christianity Today article gave Mario the ability to start a Prison Alliance discipleship program in the Apateos Prison,” Lucas said. “We have collaborated with the purchase of 300 hygiene kits for our first 300 female students already. Mario will be visiting this first prison on a weekly basis, with the support of the local authorities.”

The CT article also raised a lot of awareness among readers about how difficult prison ministry can be in other countries, even in a Christian country like El Salvador. It brought a sense of appreciation to pastors and people in ministry about the resources and abilities they currently have and how they might be able to partner with other organizations like Prison Alliance.

“Christianity Today and Prison Alliance have one thing in common: the desire to reach people all around the world for Christ,” Lucas said. “Maybe we focus on different people, but it is the same goal.”

As Prison Alliance continues to grow, Lucas mentioned the importance of Christianity Today expanding its article translations.

“It really does help local pastors who do not have any experience with English to have these articles in Spanish, Portuguese, etc.,” Lucas said. “We have partners in Brazil who don’t speak English or Spanish, so to have the article Prison Alliance was mentioned in also written in Portuguese means they can read it.”

Lucas believes that the global church is disconnected from itself but that the work of organizations like Christianity Today and Prison Alliance can bridge gaps with the church by combining forces, working smartly, and leading with impact. He believes that Christianity Today helps make an impact on organizations like Prison Alliance by getting the word out about their work and helping them make connections around the world.

“I don’t think the global church is connected in the right way to cause the right impact,” Lucas explained. “There are small fires here and there. If you put together the small fires, it’s a huge burst. That is what I believe Christianity Today can and will accomplish over time, because you are connecting those small fires.”

***

If you want to pray for Prison Alliance and its work, Lucas asks for prayer for three groups: the staff in Prison Alliance’s office, the volunteers who work with them around the world, and the prisoners they are ministering to each day.

You can connect with Prison Alliance on their website.

Ideas

How the Awe of God Reframed My Life

Griffin Gooch

In a moment at Yosemite, I was overwhelmed and assured by God’s presence. What I experienced, I later learned, is called awe.

Stephen Leonardi / Pexels

My dreams fell apart in Hollywood—and not in the usual Hollywood way, but during a church internship.

The move from Michigan to Los Angeles to take the job was the epitome of culture shock. I went from the endless open spaces of Big Rapids to a mattress in a 500-square-foot apartment shared with two other people. I was lucky if I could find a parking spot within six blocks, and I had to wake up before 6 a.m. and retread those six blocks to make sure the car didn’t get towed.

My internship was unpaid. But it was ministry, so I raised support. Unfortunately, I didn’t raise enough support, so my food budget was a constant stressor.

To top it all off, I strained my vocal cords. And no matter how many doctors I saw, none of them could help me. “There’s nothing that can be ‘fixed,’” one particularly discouraging doctor observed. “They just look like the vocal cords of an 80-year-old, not a 22-year-old.” It had been my plan to become a worship leader, and now I could not sing.

With no job prospects or savings, tired of my absurd schedule and crowded apartment, I went home to Michigan after five months. I didn’t feel melancholy or depressed on the drive back. Mostly I felt an apoplectic emptiness, and I sat in it through hours and hours of sand, rock, and lonely foliage.

The first night I spent near San Francisco; then I woke up early to get as far as Oklahoma. Some morose folk song came on as I approached Yosemite—and maybe it was just the introspective chord progression, or the fact that this mountain pass was unlike anything I’d ever seen off a computer screen, or the way the rising sun superimposed itself on everything. But one way or another, it was exactly at that spot that I finally felt I could exhale.

The limitations of language are never more apparent than when I try to articulate what that moment was like. It was mystical, ineffable, as if an immediate, inescapable wonder shrunk all my self-concern into nothingness. I was so overwhelmed by God’s presence that I pulled over and shook in my seat. It felt as if fireflies were swirling around in my forehead. I stepped out of the car and breathed. Most of all what I felt was divine assurance: that God exists, that he is with me, that he would make it all worthwhile.

More succinctly, I think what I felt was awe—though I didn’t find that word for it until years later. I came across some work from research psychologist Dacher Keltner that described awe as more than a feel-good dose of wonder: as the sense of being in the presence of something vast, powerful, or beautiful that transcends our understanding of reality. It’s an emotional phenomenon that can transform our lives and grow our faith.

That’s not to say awe is something we can manufacture. But it is something we can pursue, even in more everyday experiences than my roadside moment near Yosemite. In fact, awe is something like Immanuel Kant’s idea of “the sublime”: a mixture of joyous wonder and shock that can overshadow our day-to-day anxieties.

According to Keltner, awe has two main elements. One is vastness (being in the presence of something that makes us feel small) and the other is accommodation (encountering something that forces us to alter our understanding of reality).

In a study Keltner published with other researchers on how awe functions in groups or cultures, participants drew self-portraits depicting themselves next to the sun. One group of participants was in San Francisco; the other was, in coincidence with my story, at Yosemite. Fascinatingly, the Yosemite group drew themselves markedly smaller, in proportion to the sun, than the San Francisco group did. The awe they experienced encountering the vastness of Yosemite altered their perception of themselves. It made them—quite literally—feel small.

Feeling small isn’t necessarily a bad thing, but in the modern West, we tend to link it to powerlessness and loss of agency. Indeed, Keltner has argued that psychological researchers have generally ignored awe in their work because this branch of research arose in a Zeitgeist born of a “hyperindividualistic, materialistic, survival-of-the-selfish-genes view of human nature.” Because awe forces us to “devote ourselves to things outside of our individual selves,” he contends, it was considered less interesting or important as a subject of study than more individualistic feelings and pursuits.

That’s a sad and hollow view, but still a common one, and not only among research psychologists. We live in a post-Enlightenment era of disenchantment, and awe can be hard to come by. We aren’t educated to see mystery or wonder in the world. We aren’t trained to think of ourselves as small, though—considered in relation not to the sun but to God—that is exactly what we are.

Finding awe, then, may require a sort of reeducation. We may have to learn to pause long enough to see the intricacies of a newly fallen leaf, to take in a nephew’s euphoria over assembling some Legos, to put down our phones to go outside and talk to each other and hear from God. The phones are a real obstacle because perhaps the most challenging part of pursuing awe is paying attention long enough. Our lives are frenetic and our attention spans short, and awe requires intentional focus beyond the daily to-do list. We must cultivate the discipline of notice.

That’s not a life hack for self-help’s sake. Yes, awe will make you feel good (and perhaps also unsettled, disoriented, or reoriented in life). But psychological research also suggests that pursuing awe can help us draw near to God—as any reader of the Psalms might have guessed.

What scientific lingo calls vastness and accommodation, Christians might describe as creation and mystery—the way the visible universe proclaims God’s handiwork (Ps. 19; Ps. 8:3–4) and reveals his nature (Rom. 1:20), a revelation that demands our response (2 Cor. 6:2). “The whole earth is filled with awe at your wonders,” says Psalm 65:8. “Where morning dawns, where evening fades, you call forth songs of joy.” Creation is not an object of our worship, but it is a “proper object of wonder,” as the Christian philosopher Ross Inman has written, “precisely because every facet of it communicates and reflects the marvelous truth, goodness, and beauty of its triune Creator.”

Meditation on God’s mystery is a practice littered throughout church history and the Orthodox church to this day. In the New Testament, mystery involves divine revelation: God’s nature as revealed through Christ or his unfolding plan of salvation (1 Cor. 2:7; Eph. 1:9; Rev. 10:7). These things—sometimes referred to as mysterium tremendum et fascinans, the “awe-inspiring mystery” of God—are “too wonderful” for us (Ps. 139:6), and contemplating them reshapes our understanding of reality. It reminds us we are small and God is infinite.

The experience I had in Yosemite was a collision of creation and mystery. The intricacy of the Yosemite mountainside forced into me the truth that if God cared enough to shape these rocks into something so beautiful, he desires even more to see beauty bloom through the intricacies of my life.

But that experience did not change everything about me forever. I still find it difficult to slow down. Some days I get busy, or I get head-foggy from too much screen time, or I let daily anxieties choke out my patience and attention to God. I miss out on awe—and what God has to say through that experience—all the time. But I say a prayer, breathe, and reel myself in.

I try to remind myself of the wisdom of the diplomat and part-time theologian Dag Hammarskjöld: “God does not die on the day when we cease to believe in a personal deity, but we die on the day when our lives cease to be illuminated by the steady radiance, renewed daily, of a wonder, the source of which is beyond all reason.” God does not die on the day when our dreams fall apart. He always remains. But we die on the day we stop noticing the awe scattered in every corner of our God-given lives.

Griffin Gooch is a writer, speaker, and professor currently working on his doctorate at University of Aberdeen. He writes most frequently on Substack.

- More from Griffin Gooch

Share

related

related

Share

Related

Share

Share

Related

Share

related

related

Share

Related

Share

related

related

related

related

related

Share

Related

Share

Share

Related

Share

Share

Related

Share

Share

Related

Share

related

related

related

related

Share

Related

Share

related

related

Share

Related